该研究分析了拮抗黄曲霉的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌YE-1的逆境耐受能力及安全性，以期为其被进一步开发应用提供理论基础。通过测定菌株在不同温度（40、50、60、70、80 ℃）、不同质量分数NaCl（1%、2%、3%、4%、5%、6%、7.5%）、人工胃液（1、2、3 h）、人工肠液（2、4、6 h）下的存活率及药物处理对应的抑菌圈直径，分析菌株的逆境耐受能力和药敏性，结果发现：贝莱斯芽孢杆菌YE-1经80 ℃处理20 min存活率为33.60%；质量分数7.5%的氯化钠处理2 h存活率为19.75%；人工胃液处理3 h存活率为33.57%；人工肠液处理6 h存活率为64.24%；对大多数药物敏感。菌株具有一定的逆境耐受能力和药敏性。通过对小鼠灌胃三种剂量（107、108、109 CFU/mL）菌液，灌胃体积20 mL/kg•bw，分析菌株的体内安全性，结果发现：菌株灌胃14 d对小鼠行为、体质量、食物摄入量、生化指标、血液学指标、脏器指数和组织病理学均无不良影响。综上，贝莱斯芽孢杆菌YE-1具有一定的逆境耐受能力和安全性，可以进一步开发应用。

The stress tolerance and safety of Bacillus velezensis YE-1, an Aspergillus flavus antagonist, were analyzed herein to provide theoretical insights for further research and application of this strain. The survival rates of the strain at different temperatures (40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 ℃), NaCl mass fractions (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6% and 7.5%), artificial gastric solution exposure (1, 2 and 3 h), and artificial intestinal solution exposure (2, 4 and 6 h) were determined. Additionally, the diameters of the inhibition zones corresponding to drug treatments were measured to assess the stress tolerance and drug sensitivity of the strain. The results showed that the survival rate of B. velezensis YE-1 is 33.60% after 20 min treatment at 80 ℃; 19.75% after 2 h treatment with 7.5% NaCl; 33.57% after 3 h treatment in artificial gastric fluid; 64.24% after 6 h treatment in artificial intestinal fluid. Moreover, it is sensitive to most drugs. This indicates that the strain has a certain degree of stress tolerance and drug sensitivity. Additionally, the in vivo safety of B. velezensis YE-1 was evaluated via murine oral gavage studies at three doses (107, 108 and 109 CFU/mL) in a volume of 20 mL/kg•bw. The results revealed that gavage for 14 days imposed no adverse effects on the behavior, body weight, food intake, biochemical indices, hematological indices, organ indices, or histopathology of the mice. In conclusion, Bacillus velezensis YE-1 has a certain degree of stress tolerance and acceptable safety, rendering it a promising candidate for further development and practical application.

安徽省杰出青年基金项目（2208085J11）