为了解诺如病毒VP2蛋白的生物学特征，该研究以当前诺如病毒GII.4型流行毒株VP2蛋白为研究对象，应用生物信息学软件对VP2蛋白的理化性质、磷酸化位点、糖基化位点、跨膜区、信号肽、二级结构、三级结构、抗原决定簇和B细胞抗原表位进行预测分析。结果表明，诺如病毒流行毒株VP2蛋白为稳定的亲水性蛋白，平均等电点为10.47、吸水系数为-0.47、不稳定系数为47.91，碱性氨基酸约占含量的11.60%；该蛋白含有约43个潜在的磷酸化修饰位点和2个潜在的糖基化修饰位点；大多数毒株不存在跨膜区和信号肽，然而GI.3型诺如病毒VP2蛋白存在跨膜区和信号肽；诺如病毒VP2蛋白二级结构中α-螺旋平均占比38.17%、延伸链平均占比7.45%、β-折叠平均占比6.25%、无规则卷曲平均占比48.13%；三级结构预测模型的蛋白覆盖率为56.70%；平均存在8个潜在的蛋白质抗原决定簇和25个B细胞抗原表位。该研究运用生物信息学分析方法预测当前GII.4型诺如病毒流行毒株VP2蛋白的理化性质和结构等方面，为进一步深入研究诺如病毒VP2蛋白功能奠定了理论基础。

In order to understand the biological characteristics of the VP2 protein of norovirus (NoV), the VP2 protein of current NoV epidemic strains was used as the research object in this study. Bioinformatics softwares were used to predict and analyze the physico-chemical properties, phosphorylation sites, glycosylation sites, transmembrane regions, signal peptides, secondary structures, tertiary structure, antigenic determinants and B cell epitopes of NoV VP2 protein. The results showed that the VP2 protein of epidemic NoV strain was a stable hydrophilic protein with an average isoelectric point of 10.47, a water absorption coefficient of -0.47, and an instability coefficient of 47.91, with basic amino acids accounting for about 11.60%. The VP2 protein contains about 43 potential phosphorylation modification sites and 2 potential glycosylation modification sites. Most strains do not contain transmembrane domains and signal peptides, however, the GI.3 VP2 protein has the transmembrane domain and signal peptide. The average proportion of α-helix, extended chain, β-fold and irregular coil were 38.17%, 7.45%, 6.25% and 48.13%, respectively. The protein coverage of the tertiary structure prediction model was 56.70%. There were 8 potential protein antigenic determinants and 25 B cell epitopes on average. In this study, bioinformatics analysis methods were used to predict the physicochemical properties and structures of the VP2 protein of the currently epidemic NoV GII.4 strains, which has laid a theoretical foundation for further research on the function of the NoV VP2 protein.

国家重点研发计划重点专项（2019YFD0901702）