探究藜麦麸皮总皂苷的体外抗氧化活性；建立SD大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝（Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, NAFLD）模型，经藜麦麸皮总皂苷干预后，通过肝脏油红染色和检测肝脏胆固醇（Total Cholesterol, TC）、甘油三酯（Triglyceride, TG）以及血清谷丙转氨酶（Alanine Aminotransferase, ALT）、谷草转氨酶（Aspartate Aminotransferase, AST）、丙二醛（Malondialdehyde, MDA）和还原性谷胱甘肽（Glutathione, GSH），探究对脂质堆积和氧化损伤的影响；采用超高效液相色谱-质谱（Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, UPLC-MS）对尿液和肝脏代谢物进行代谢组学分析，揭示皂苷预防NAFLD的机理。体外结果表明，皂苷浓度为0.1-10 mg/mL时，DPPH自由基清除能力和总还原力分别最高可达86.25%和0.49；动物实验表明，藜麦麸皮总皂苷有效减少肝脏脂质堆积，降低肝脏TC、TG和血清ALT、AST与MDA（p<0.05），升高GSH（p<0.05）；尿液与肝脏代谢物谱发生明显变化，主要改善了甘氨酸和丝氨酸代谢和甜菜碱代谢等通路。综上，藜麦麸皮总皂苷具有良好的体外抗氧化活性；对高脂饮食诱导的NAFLD有显著的降脂护肝作用，可能与通过调节内源性代谢物，改善多条代谢途径有关。

The antioxidant activity of the total saponins in quinoa husks in vitro was explored; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model was established in male SD rats induced by high-fat diet, and the effects of different doses of crude saponins from husks on hepatic?pathology, hepatic cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), malonaldehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in rats were investigated; The mechanisms of quinoa saponins in preventing liver lipid accumulation were revealed by metabolomics studies of urine and liver with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The results showed that DPPH radical scavenging capacity and ferric ion reducing power of quinoa crude saponins could reach 86.25% and 0.49 respectively in the concentration range of 0.1-10 mg/mL; oil red staining showed that liver lipids were significantly reduced with the supplementation of quinoa crude saponins; TC, TG, ALT, AST and MDA were significantly reduced (p<0.05) , and GSH was increased (p<0.05). The metabolite profiles of urine and liver were changed, with metabolic pathways such as glycine and serine metabolism and betaine metabolism being altered by quinoa saponins. In summary, quinoa saponins had good antioxidant activity in vitro; quinoa saponins from husks could significantly reduces hepatic lipid accumulation and antioxidative stress induced by high-fat diet, which may be related to the improvement of multiple metabolic pathways by regulating the endogenous metabolites.

国家自然科学基金资助项目