为了解北戴河地区水产品中副溶血弧菌的毒力基因携带现况、耐药性和遗传特征，在2021年8月分析来自北戴河地区3家食堂和自采的26份海鲜样本，检出率为38.46%。对从中分离鉴定的10株副溶血弧菌通过PCR筛选4种主要毒力基因（tdh、trh、tlh、toxR），利用BD自动微生物鉴定和药敏分析系统，并对分离株做二代测序，基于核心SNP位点构建系统发育树，耐药基因与毒力基因携带情况。结果表明，（菌株tlh、toxR基因携带率均为100%），所有分离副溶血弧菌均不携带tdh基因或trh基因；抗生素氨曲南耐药率为100.00%、对氨苄西林中介耐药率为100.00%，对其余16种抗生素均敏感；10株分离株都含β-内酰胺类耐药基因CARB-18，这与其耐药表型相对应；一株分离株含有毒力基因mexE，其在同类研究中少有报道；共鉴别出9种不同的序列类型；食堂分离的部分菌株与当地海洋生物分离株同源性较高，部分菌株与纳入分析的国外菌株同源性较高。上述分析提示，当地副溶血弧菌对人类健康构成潜在威胁，其来源复杂，具有高度遗传多样性，可能存在国外副溶血弧菌污染源，需加强监测。

To survey the virulence gene carrying status, drug sensitivity, and genetic characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, 26 seafood samples from three canteens in the Beidaihe area, as well as self-collected samples, were analyzed in August 2021. Four major virulence genes (tdh, trh, tlh, and toxR) were screened from ten strains of V. parahaemolyticus using PCR and the BD automatic microbial identification and drug susceptibility analysis system. Next-generation genome sequencing was performed on the isolates. A phylogenetic tree, drug resistance genes, and virulence genes were constructed based on core SNP sites. The gene carrying rates of tlh, toxR, were 100.00%, 100.00%; none of the isolates carried tdh or trh. Ten isolates were resistant to aztreonam and moderately sensitive to ampicillin. All the isolates contained the β-lactam resistance gene (CARB-18), corresponding to the resistance phenotype. One isolate was found to contain mexE, a virulence gene rarely reported in similar studies. Nine sequence types were identified. Several V. parahaemolyticus isolates exhibited high homology with local and foreign marine organism isolates. Local V. parahaemolyticus may pose a threat to human health, and its sources are complex and highly genetically diverse. There may be foreign sources of V. parahaemolyticus contamination; hence, monitoring needs to be strengthened.

北京市自然科学基金面上项目（7212142）；后勤科研项目（18CXZ011；19SWAQ06）