该文研究了药食两用植物无花果所含有的乳浆对于高糖所致人脐静脉血管内皮细胞（Huvec）损伤的保护作用，并初步探讨作用机制。采用系统溶剂萃取法制得无花果乳浆的不同极性供试品，建立Huvec细胞高糖损伤模型，分别采用MTT法、“划痕实验”、Transwell侵袭实验、流式细胞仪凋亡检测、血管生成试验和ELISA法考察无花果乳浆的保护效果及作用机制。结果显示，高糖环境使Huvec细胞48 h内增殖率、迁移率、侵袭率分别下降至76.04%、28.36%、22.09%（p<0.001），凋亡率上升至24.23%（p<0.001），血管形成能力下降，乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和内皮素-1（ET-1）含量分别升高至20.96 μg/L、90.03 ng/L、839.41 ng/L（p<0.01），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、一氧化氮（NO）和内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）含量分别下降至3.52 μg/L、184.75 μmol/L、0.59 IU/mL（p<0.01），100、200、400 mg/L无花果乳浆石油醚萃取产物可显著性提高Huvec细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力及降低凋亡率（p<0.001），恢复紊乱的血管生理因子水平。无花果乳浆的石油醚萃取产物可以减轻高糖引起的Huvec损伤，具有明显的细胞保护作用。

Different polar concentrations of Ficus carica latex were obtained by systematic solvent extraction, and a high glucose human umbilical vein endothelial cell (Huvec) model was established. The MTT assay, scratch test, Transwell invasion test, apoptosis detection by flow cytometry, angiogenesis test, and ELISA were used to investigate the detrimental effects and mechanism of action of high glucose on Huvec and the protective effect of Ficus carica latex. The rate of proliferation, migration, and invasion of Huvec decreased to 76.04%, 28.36%, and 22.09% (p<0.001), respectively. The rate of apoptosis increased to 24.23% (p<0.001), and angiogenesis decreased in 48 h under a high glucose environment. Contents of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and endothelin-1 (ET-1) increased to 20.96 μg/L, 90.03 ng/L, and 839.41 ng/L (p<0.01), respectively. The concentration of superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide (NO), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) decreased to 3.52 μg/L, 184.75 μmol/L, and 0.59 IU/mL (p<0.01), respectively. The extracts of petroleum ether from Ficus carica latex (100, 200, and 400 mg/L) increased the proliferation, migration, and invasion of Huvec; reduced the rate of apoptosis (p<0.001); and restored disturbed vascular blood flow. Petroleum ether extract of Ficus carica latex can reduce Huvec damage caused by high levels of glucose, demonstrating an obvious protective effect.

山东省重点研发计划（重大科技创新工程）项目（2020CXGC010505；2021CXGC010511）；山东省自然科学基金面上项目（ZR2020MH383）