该研究为评估羊肚菌中Ca、Fe、Zn的消化、吸收，通过体外消化模型和正辛醇吸收模型，研究了羊肚菌盖粗粉和超微粉、羊肚菌柄粗粉和超微粉的Ca、Fe、Zn生物可及率及分配系数，并和不同形态的溶出量进行了相关性分析。结果表明：羊肚菌是很好的Ca、Fe和Zn食物来源，羊肚菌盖粉中Ca、Fe、Zn平均总量分别为268.77、467.71、757.84 µg/g，生物可及率分别为66.44%~75.09%、38.33%~46.17%、35.51%~40.53%；羊肚菌柄粉中Ca、Fe、Zn平均总量分别为290.25、1234.31、727.59 µg/g，生物可及率分别为68.81%~75.62%、27.70%~37.86%、37.25%~42.96%。Ca可溶态、有机态、多糖态、蛋白态与体外胃、肠的生物可及率、分配系数相关；Fe总量、可溶态、有机态与体外胃、肠的生物可及率、分配系数相关；而Zn的体外消化、吸收和不同形态溶出量相关性不大。研究结果为羊肚菌产品的开发和微量元素摄入提供了一定的理论支撑。

This study aimed to evaluate the digestion and absorption of Ca, Fe and Zn in Morchella esculenta. The bioaccessibilities and partition coefficients of Ca, Fe and Zn in the coarse powder and ultrafine powder from the caps of Morchella esculenta and the coarse powder and ultrafine powder from the stipes of Morchella esculenta were examined by using an in vitro digestion model and octanol absorption model. Correlation analysis was carried out with the dissolution amounts of different forms. The results showed that Morchella esculenta was a very good food source of Ca, Fe and Zn. The total contents of Ca, Fe and Zn in the caps of Morchella esculenta were 268.77, 467.71 and 757.84 µg/g, respectively, with the bioaccessibilities being 66.44%~75.09%, 38.33%~46.17% and 35.51%~40.53%, respectively. The total contents of Ca, Fe and Zn in the stipes of Morchella esculenta were 290.25, 1234.31 and 727.59 µg/g, respectively, with the bioaccessibilities being 68.81%~75.62%, 27.70%~37.86% and 37.25%~42.96%, respectively. The bioaccessibility and partition coefficient of Ca were correlated significantly with the contents of its soluble form, organic form, polysaccharide-binding form and protein-binding form. The bioaccessibility and partition coefficient of Fe were correlated significantly with its total content, and contents of its soluble form and organic form. But the correlations among the in vitro digestion, absorption and dissolution amounts of different forms were not observed for Zn. The research results provide certain theoretical support for the development of Morchella esculenta products and the intake of trace elements.

湖北省技术创新重大专项（2019ABA110）；湖北省农业科技创新中心资助项目（2021-6520-000-001-033）