采用静电纺丝技术制备了醋酸纤维素/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮/ε-聚赖氨酸（cellulose acetate/polyvinylpyrrolidone/ε-polylysine，CA/PVP/ε-PL）抗菌纳米纤维膜，并对纤维膜进行了结构表征和性能研究。结果表明：溶液黏度和电导率对纤维形貌有较大影响，当CA、PVP与ε-PL的质量分数分别为70、35和20 g/L时，纤维膜的直径均匀分布在150~250 nm之间；傅里叶红外光谱、X射线衍射和差示扫描量热仪的结果显示，ε-PL被成功包埋在纤维膜中，且各组分之间具有强烈的相互作用；热重分析结果表明CA/PVP/ε-PL纳米纤维膜的热降解温度升至441.30 ℃，具有良好的热稳定性；抑菌实验结果显示CA/PVP/ε-PL纳米纤维膜的抗菌性优于流延膜，其对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径/膜质量比为0.53~0.67 cm/mg，且能延长生鲜肉的贮藏时间3 d以上。综上所述，CA/PVP/ε-PL纳米纤维膜具有良好的抗菌活性，对生鲜肉具有保鲜作用，可用于食品的抗菌保鲜。该研究结果为负载ε-PL纳米抗菌膜的实际应用提供理论依据。

Cellulose acetate/polyvinylpyrrolidone/ε-polylysine (CA/PVP/ε-PL) antibacterial nanofibrous membrane was prepared by electrospinning technology, and its structure and properties were also characterized. The results showed that the solution viscosity and electrical conductivity had a great influence on the fiber morphology. When the mass fractions of CA, PVP and ε-PL were 70, 35 and 20 g/L, respectively, the diameter of the fiber membrane was uniformly distributed between 150~250 nm. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry showed that ε-PL was successfully encapsulated in the fiber membrane and there were strong interaction among different components. The results of thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the CA/PVP/ε-PL nanofiber membrane had a thermal degradation temperature of 441.30 ℃, and exhibited good thermal stability. The results of the antimicrobial test demonstrated that the CA/PVP/ε-PL nanofibrous membrane exhibited a higher antibacterial activity than that of the casting film, and its inhibition zone diameter/membrane massratio against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus ranged from 0.53 cm/mg to 0.67 cm/mg, with the ability to prolong the storage time of fresh meat by more than 3 days. In summary, CA/PVP/ε-PL nanofibrous membrane possessed a good antibacterial activity and fresh-keeping effect on fresh meat, which can be used for antimicrobial and fresh-keeping effects on foods. The results of this research provide a theoretical basis for the practical application of ε-PL-loaded antibacterial nanofibrous membrane.

国家自然科学基金项目（32001631）；华南农业大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202010564059）；广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目（2020A1515110190）