木姜叶柯俗称甜茶,具有降血糖、降血脂、抗氧化、抗炎及抗肿瘤等作用，2017年被审批为新资源食品。研究表明，根皮苷、根皮素、三叶苷等二氢查尔酮是木姜叶柯主要的活性成分，被证实具有降血糖作用。糖尿病是一种常见的，以持续性高血糖为主要特征的慢性代谢性疾病，现有降血糖药物应用有一定的限制条件，且伴有各种副作用。木姜叶柯作为一种天然资源且具有长期饮用的降血糖应用基础，极具研究和开发价值。该研究探讨了木姜叶柯甜味的主要来源与其能量低的显著特点，并综述了降血糖作用。进一步从胰岛素抵抗、葡萄糖转运、调控酶类活性、抗氧化防御和糖尿病并发症等方面总结了木姜叶柯的降血糖作用及其作用机制，并分析了目前木姜叶柯研究存在分子靶点不明确、研究内容单一等问题。最后，对木姜叶柯相关潜在分子机理进行了展望，为木姜叶柯降血糖作用及高值化应用研究提供了理论依据。

Lithocarpus litseifolius, called “sweet tea”, has already been approved as a new food material since 2017. This tea possesses significant activities such as hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. The main active compounds are phlorizin, phloretin, trilobatin and other dihydrochalcones, and its hypoglycemic activities is focused in this review. Persistent hyperglycemia is demonstrated to be common characterization in diabetes which is classified into a chronic metabolic syndrome. Generally, there are some restrictions and side effects on the application of existing hypoglycemic drugs in patients with diabetes. Recently, Lithocarpus litseifolius displays potent research and development value due to its health benefits on hypoglycemic effects with a long history. This article explains the generation of its sweetness in association with its low calories, and summarizes the hypoglycemic activities. Furthermore, the relevant mechanisms of Lithocarpus litseifolius are closely linked to improvement of insulin resistance, glucose transport, regulating enzyme activity, antioxidant defense and diabetic complications. In addition, the present research challenges are mentioned including unclear molecular target and research content limitation. Meanwhile, the related molecular mechanisms referring to hypoglycemic activities of Lithocarpus litseifolius are prospected. Together, this review can provide theoretical basis for Lithocarpus litseifolius to investigate hypoglycemic effects and promote its high value application.

国家自然科学基金项目（31872900；81860713）