该研究探讨茶籽皂苷（TSS）对高脂饮食（HFD）小鼠脂代谢与氧化应激水平的改善作用。观察小鼠摄食量及体重变化。试剂盒法检测小鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）水平。H&E染色观察肝脏的脂肪变性程度。蛋白印迹法检测肝脏中AMPK、p-AMPK、SIRT1、PGC-1α、PPAR-γ的表达。结果表明，TSS干预显著降低HFD小鼠体重和附睾、肾周及腹部等处脂肪指数（p<0.05），显著降低小鼠血清TC、TG和LDL-C水平（p<0.05），升高HDL-C水平（p<0.05）。高剂量TSS干预较HFD组显著降低血清TC（37.83%）、TG（64.77%）和LDL-C（76.83%）水平。TSS干预显著改善HFD小鼠肝脏脂肪变性程度，并较HFD组提高肝脏内p-AMPK（3.92倍、4.95倍、6.63倍）、SIRT1（0.86倍、1.36倍、1.77倍）、PGC-1α（3.10倍、3.11倍、4.33倍）和PPAR-γ（2.83倍、4.27倍、5.51倍）的蛋白表达。此外，TSS处理还能升高HFD小鼠血清SOD和GSH含量，并降低MDA水平。综上述，TSS干预可减少体内的脂肪堆积，改善HFD引起的脂质代谢紊乱和氧化应激状态。

In this study, the effect of tea seed saponin on lipid metabolism and oxidative stress caused by high-fat diet in mice was investigated. The food intake and body weight changes of mice were observed. The levels of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) were determined by relevant commercial kits. The hepatic steatosis levels were observed by H&E staining assay. The hepatic protein levels of AMPK, p-AMPK, SIRT1, PGC-1α and PPAR-γ were detected by western blot assay. The experimental results showed that TSS treatment significantly reduced the body weight, and organ index of epididymal fat, perirenal fat and abdominal fat in HFD mice (p<0.05). The serum levels of TC (37.83%), TG (64.77%) and LDL-C (76.83%) were reduced in high dose of TSS treated mice than that in HFD mice. TSS treatment significantly reduced the hepatic steatosis and promoted the protein levels of p-AMPK (3.92 times, 4.95 times and 6.63 times), SIRT1 (0.86 times, 1.36 times and 1.77 times), PGC-1α (3.10 times, 3.11 times and 4.33 times) and PPAR-γ (2.83 times, 4.27 time and 5.51 times) in HFD mice (p<0.05). After treated by TSS, serum levels of SOD and GSH were increased in HFD mice. In addition, serum MDA was also decreased in TSS treated HFD mice. Taken together, our results suggested that TSS reduced fat accumulation, improved the lipid metabolic disorder and attenuated the oxidative stress status in mice induced by HFD.

人社部“高层次留学人才回国资助计划”（人社厅函[2019]160号）；广西高等学校千名中青年骨干教师培育计划资助（桂教人[2018]18号）；广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目（2018KY0401）；桂林医学院引进人才科研启动基金（04010150001）；广西自治区大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202010601114）