为探究天麻酵素镇静催眠功效，该研究分析了天麻酵素理化指标以及对失眠模型小鼠脑组织内神经递质及氧化应激水平的调节。将KM雄性小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、枣仁安神液组（阳性对照组1）、天麻粉组（阳性组对照组2）、天麻酵素低（0.10 g/kg）、中（0.30 g/kg）、高（0.49 g/kg）剂量组，以对氯苯丙氨酸建立失眠模型，连续灌胃给药7 d后通过测定小鼠自主活动的变化、小鼠脑组织神经递质和氧化应激水平的变化，分析其对失眠小鼠镇静催眠功能的影响。结果显示，天麻酵素中γ-氨基丁酸含量为0.48 mg/kg，是QB/T 5232-2018标准中要求的16倍；天麻酵素高、中剂量组与模型组相比，小鼠活动时间和站立次数显著减少（p<0.05），分别减少13.00 s、14.63 s和10.62次、9.12次；小鼠脑组织中5-HT、GABA、IL-1β含量显著增加（p<0.01）、SOD活性显著提高（p<0.05）、MDA含量显著降低（p<0.05），其中5-HT增加50.62 pg/mL、49.51 pg/mL，GABA增加5.47 ng/mL、5.15 ng/mL。这表明天麻酵可通过调节小鼠脑组织内神经递质及氧化应激水平来达到镇静催眠作用。

In order to explore the sedative and hypnotic effects of Gastrodia elata Bl ferment, the physical and chemical indexes of Gastrodia elata Bl ferment and its regulation of neurotransmitters and oxidative stress in the brain tissue of mice with insomnia were examined in this study. KM male mice were randomly divided into blank group, model group, Zaoren Anshen liquid group (positive control group 1), Gastrodia powder group (positive control group 2), and low (0.10 g/kg), medium (0.30 g/kg) and high (0.49 g/kg) dose Gastrodia elata Bl ferment groups. The insomnia model was established with p-chlorophenylalanine. After the 7-day administration by gavage, the changes of autonomic activities, and levels of neurotransmitters and oxidative stress in the brain tissues of mice were measured to examine the sedative and hypnotic effects of Gastrodia elata Bl ferment on mice with insomnia. The results showed that the content of γ-aminobutyric acid in Gastrodia elata Bl ferment was 0.48 mg/kg, which was 16 times that required by the QB/T 5232-2018 standard. Compared with the model group, the activity duration and standing times of the mice in the high and medium dose Gastrodia elata Bl ferment groups were reduced significantly (p<0.05) (13.00 s and 14.63 s, and 10.62 times and 9.12 times, respectively). The contents of 5-HT, GABA and IL-1 β in the brain tissue of these two groups of mice increased significantly (p<0.01), with their SOD activity increasing significantly (p<0.05) and MDA content decreasing significantly (p<0.05) (increase by 50.62 and 49.51 pg/mL for 5-HT, and increase by 5.47 and 5.15 ng/mL for GABA). These results indicate that Gastrodia elata Bl. ferment can induce sedative and hypnotic effects by regulating the levels of neurotransmitters and oxidative stress in the brain tissues of mice.

贵州省科技支撑项目（黔科合支撑[2020]4Y088号）；贵州省高层次创新型人才项目（黔科合人才[2015]4027）；省部共建药用植物功效与利用国家重点实验室，2019年开放课题，黔科合平台人才[2017]5101；贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合服企[2020]4013）；贵州省教育厅项目（黔教合KY字[2020]018）