该研究以小麦麸皮阿拉伯木聚糖（AX）为研究对象，探讨其对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的免疫调节作用及机制。用不同浓度的AX处理小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞，检测AX对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞活力及NO释放量的影响，用AX处理小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞0、1、3、6 h，检测AX对小鼠腹腔巨噬免疫关联基因及MAPK、Akt通路相关蛋白表达的影响。结果显示6.25和12.5 μg/mL的AX对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞没有显著毒性，细胞的存活率分别为90.42%和89.99%（p>0.05）。当浓度高于12.5 μg/mL时，细胞存活率显著降低（p<0.05）；与对照组相比，AX（6.25~200 μg/mL）能显著增加小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞NO的释放量（p<0.05）；同时可以促进免疫关联基因（1L-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、iNOS、COX-2、Nfkbia）mRNA的表达，进一步研究发现AX可以增加MAPK和Akt信号通路蛋白（ERK1/2、JNK、p38 MAPK、Akt）的磷酸化水平。上述研究结果表明，AX可以通过活化小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞，增加NO的产生，促进免疫关联基因mRNA的表达，激活MAPK和Akt信号通路，来调节免疫。

This study aims to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of arabinoxylan (AX) from wheat bran on mouse peritoneal macrophages and the relevant mechanisms. The effects of AX at different concentrations on the release of nitric oxide (NO), as well as cell viability of mouse peritoneal macrophages, were studied. Mouse peritoneal macrophages were treated with AX for 0, 1, 3, and 6 h to observe the effects of AX on the expressions of immune-associated genes and proteins related to MAPK and Akt signaling pathways. The results show that AX at concentrations of 6.25 and 12.5 μg/mL have no significant toxicity to mouse peritoneal macrophages, and the cell survival rates are 90.42% and 89.99%, respectively (p>0.05). However, when the concentration exceeds 12.5 μg/mL, the cell survival rate is significantly reduced (p<0.05). Comparisons between the control and treatment group demonstrate that AX at 6.25~200 μg/mL can significantly increase NO release (p<0.05). Moreover, the expressions of immune-associated gene mRNAs (1L-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS, COX-2, and Nfkbia) are enhanced. The phosphorylation levels of MAPK and Akt pathway proteins (ERK1/2, JNK, p38 MAPK, and Akt) are also increased by AX. These results suggest that AX can regulate immunity by activating mouse peritoneal macrophages, increasing the production of NO, enhancing the mRNA expressions of immune-associated genes, and activating MAPK and Akt signaling pathways.

国家自然科学基金项目（31700304）