快速检测方法在食品安全领域现场检测、快速筛查和政府监管等方面起着非常重要的作用，但是当前食品快速检测的方法还存在着性能评价手段缺乏的问题，亟需建立多指标综合的评价方法。本研究构建了基于Au/UiO-66(NH2)材料的功能性表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）传感器，实现食品中新胭脂红色素的SERS快速检测，在最优条件下，新胭脂红色素在1137 cm-1处的拉曼特征峰的强度和浓度在1.0~50 mg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系，R2为0.9684，检测限低至0.40 mg/L。采用层次分析法（AHP）结合逼近理想解排序法（TOPSIS）对新胭脂红色素的SERS快速检测、合成色素速测盒和高效液相色谱（HPLC）等三种检测方案进行了评价。从检测方法的适应性、可操作性、经济性和技术性四个方面选取了18个指标的基础上，采用层次分析法确定指标权重，再结合逼近理想解排序法计算出3种新胭脂红色素检测方法的综合评价值分别为：0.66、0.31、0.58，结果表明基于Au/UiO-66(NH2)材料的功能性SERS快速检测色素方法能够代替合成色素速测盒和高效液相色谱（HPLC）法。本研究中的SERS检测方法为快速筛查食品中非法添加色素提供了一种新的选择。

Rapid detection methods play a critical role in on-site detection, rapid screening and government supervision in the field of food safety. However, there is a lack of performance evaluation means in current rapid food detection methods, thus, it is urgent to establish a multi-index comprehensive evaluation method. In this study, a functional surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor based on Au/UiO-66(NH2) material was constructed to achieve SERS rapid detection of food colourants. Under the optimal conditions, the intensity of the characteristic Raman peak of new coccine at 1137 cm-1 had a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 1.0~50 mg/L, with R2 as 0.9684 and the detection limit as low as 0.40 mg/L. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) combined with Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was used to evaluate three detection schemes for new coccine, including rapid detection with SERS sensor, rapid detection box of synthetic colourants and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). On the basis of 18 indicators selected from four aspects (adaptability, operability, economy and technology) of the detection methods, the indicator weight was determined by AHP, and then the comprehensive evaluation values of the three detection methods for new coccine (0.66, 0.31 and 0.58, respectively) were calculated through combining with TOPSIS . The results showed that the functional SERS rapid detection method for colourants based on Au/UiO-66 (NH2) material can replace the rapid detection box of synthetic colourants and HPLC method. The SERS detection method in this study provides a new option for rapid screening of illegal added colourants in food.

国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1603404）