以小磨香油芝麻渣为原料，利用不同溶液辅助超声提取芝麻渣中的类黑精，并采用电子舌对类黑精的滋味进行检测、傅里叶红外对其结构进行初步分析、及类黑精抗氧化活性的检测和分析。结果表明，以pH 10.0碱溶液为提取液中的类黑精含量最高，其次是60%乙醇溶液，且醇提类黑精有更强的苦味；pH 10.0碱提组分的蛋白含量最高，60%醇提组分的总糖含量最高，分别为47.58%和25.18%，芝麻渣类黑精主要是蛋白结合型；芝麻渣类黑精最突出的滋味是苦味，最高苦味值达到7.28±0.03，其次是鲜味；随着类黑精浓度的增加，几种抗氧化活性指标有增加的趋势，其中用水提取的有最好的·OH清除效果，达到56.52%，60%醇提类黑精在浓度为1 mg/mL时，DPPH·清除率已高达95%；芝麻渣类黑精中具有芳族胺和呋喃等杂芳环结构。本研究说明芝麻渣类黑精适合用pH 10碱溶液和60%醇溶液提取且具有较好的抗氧化活性，为芝麻渣类黑精的初步探索以及芝麻渣的开发利用提供了一定理论依据。

Sesame seed residue was used as raw material. The melanoidins were extracted from sesame dregs by different solutions assisted with ultrasonic extraction. The taste and structure of melanoidins were evaluated by electronic tongue, Fourier transform infrared, respectively. The antioxidant activities of sesame residue melanodins were also analyzed. The results showed that the melanoidin content of the sample extracted by pH 10.0 alkali solution was the highest, followed by 60% ethanol solution. The extraction by alcohol had a stronger bitter taste. The protein content of extraction by pH 10.0 alkali and the total sugar content of extraction by 60% alcohol were higher than that of other solutions, which content were 47.58% and 25.18%, respectively. Sesame residue melanin was mainly protein binding type. Bitterness was the most prominent taste of sesame residue melanodins, the highest bitter value was 7.28±0.03, followed by umami. With the increase of melanoidins concentration, their antioxidant abilities also increased. The extraction by water had the best ·OH scavenging effect, which has reached 56.52%. The DPPH· scavenging rate of extraction by 60% alcohol at the concentration of 1 mg/mL was 95%. There were heteroaromatic rings such as aromatic amines and furans in sesame residue melanodins. This work showed that melanoidins of sesame residue will be suitable to be extracted by pH 10 alkali and 60% alcohol solution and has good antioxidant activity. It will provide theoretical basis for the exploration of melanoidins and the utilization of sesame residue.

山东省高等学校青创人才引育计划（2019-6-156，LU-Jiao）