为了保障水产品安全，本研究建立了一种高效提取2,4,6-三硝基甲苯（TNT）的方法，利用高效液相色谱（HPLC）法对花蚬子、白蚬子、长竹蛏、文蛤四种市售水产品的TNT富集能力进行检测，并利用微生物高效降解水中的TNT污染物。结果表明该方法提取率可达97.80%。四种水产品中花蚬子、白蚬子、文蛤均可对TNT有不同程度的积累，其中白蚬子对TNT的富集程度最高，浓度可达76.26 ng/g。为降解水体中的TNT污染物，选取了9种能够降解芳香环类化合物的天然菌株，开展了TNT的生物降解研究。结果显示9种天然菌株均能够降解TNT，其中H5、LM1、CT1的降解效果较好，弧菌H5的降解效率最高，在27 ℃的条件下降解TNT 9 h，降解效率可达80.90%。本研究建立的提取检测方法简单高效、重复性好，具有较好的应用前景。同时生物降解法能够高效、无二次污染地去除水中的TNT污染物。从而保障水体的安全。

To ensure the safety of aquatic products, an efficient extraction method for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) was established in this study. The TNT enrichment ability of four commercially available aquatic products: Ruditapes philippinarum, Mactra veneriformis Reeue, Solen strictus and Mercenaria mercenaria was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The TNT pollutants in water were degraded efficiently by microorganisms. The results showed that the extraction rate of this method reached 97.80%. Among the four aquatic products, Ruditapes philippinarum, Mactra veneriformis Reeue, Mercenaria mercenaria could accumulate TNT to different extents, with Mactra veneriformis having the highest concentration of accumulated TNT (76.26 ng/g). In order to degrade TNT pollutants in water, 9 aromatic compounds-degrading natural strains were selected for the biodegradation of TNT. The results showed that all the 9 natural strains could degrade TNT, with H5, LM1, and CT1 exhibiting higher efficiency, especially Vibrio H5 (which had the highest degradation efficiency, 80.90%, at 27 ℃ for 9 h). In this study, a simple, efficient and reproducible extraction-detection procedure with a good application prospect was established. In the meantime, the biodegradation method could efficiently removed TNT pollutants in water without secondary pollution, thereby ensuring the safety of water bodies.

吉林省发展与改革委员会资助项目（2019C055-2）；国家环境保护湿地生态与植被恢复重点实验室2019年度开放课题（2019-001）