[关键词]
[摘要]
本研究以黄豆发芽为手段,采用具有交互关联功能的均匀设计U10(103)表设计并实施了Zn、Co、Se三种人体微量元素在黄豆芽菜生长过程的生物富集实验,评价了芽菜样品的Zn、Co和Se富集量以及有机化富集量,研究了不同Zn、Co、Se外源浓度组间样品生物富集量与各元素外源浓度的回归关系,发现了各元素外源浓度对Zn、Co和Se富集的交互作用以及Zn、Co和Se的富集规律。结果表明:交互作用发生在芽菜生长后期(30 h后),[Zn×Co]和[Co×Se]呈现协同作用,外源Se通过双重协同作用促进芽菜吸收Zn,[Zn×Se]和[Zn×Co×Se]呈现拮抗作用,外源Zn通过双重拮抗作用抑制芽菜对Se的吸收;芽菜生长前期(30 h前)元素的有机转化率低,元素的富集是以物理渗析吸收为主,生长后期(30 h后)则通过各元素外源浓度的交互作用产生有机化富集,综合评价结果表明处理方案3、6和9对获得富Zn、Co和Se的芽菜特别有效,特别是处理方案3(Zn2+、Co2+混合液:[Zn2+]=1200 μg/L,[Co2+]=30 μg/L;Se4+溶液:[Se4+]=180 μg/L)45 h的样品达到了最优综合Zn、Co和Se富集:Zn2+ =8.58 mg/kg,Co2+=63.10 μg/kg,Se4+=48.30 μg/kg,有机化率分别为Zn 49.50%,Co 25.94%,Se 56.25%,三个元素的富集总量基本同时达到了Zn、Co和Se在中国膳食指南中推荐摄入量,对于Zn、Co和Se多元富集健康蔬菜的生产实际具有直接的参考作用。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
In this study, soybean germination was investigated by using the uniform table of U10 (103) with the function of disclosing the interactive correlation of different factors. The enrichment of three human essential trace elements, Zn, Co, and Se, was carried out during the germination of soybean and growth of soybean sprouts. The amounts of enriched zinc, Co and Se and their amounts after organic enrichment were evaluated, and the regression relationships between the amounts of exogenous zinc, Co and Se after bioaccumulation and the exogenous concentrations of zinc, Co and Se in different treatments were examined. The interactions of exogenous concentrations of Zn, Co and Se with their enrichment as well as the enrichment trends of Zn, Co and Se were found. The results showed that the interactions took place in the late stage of sprout growth (after 30 h), and the interactions of [Zn×Co] and [Co×Se] were synergic. The absorption of Zn by sprouts was promoted through double synergic effects of the exogenous Se, and antagonism was found between [Zn×Se] and [Zn×Co×Se]. The absorption of Se by sprouts was inhibited through double antagonistic effects of the exogenous Zn. The organic conversion rates of the elements were low at the early stage of sprout growth (for the first 30 h), with the enrichment of the elements mainly via physical dialysis and absorption. In the late stage of sprout growth (after 30 h), organic enrichment took place through the interactions of exogenous concentrations of the elements. The comprehensive evaluation revealed that the 3rd, 6th and 9th treatments were particularly effective for simultaneous enrichment of Zn, Co and Se in the sprouts, especially with the 3rd treatment (Zn2+-Co2+ mixture: [Zn2+]=1200 μg/L, [Co2+] =30 μg/L; Se4+ solution: [Se4+]=180 μg/L) applied for 45 h (which led to the optimized enrichment of Zn, Co and Se: Zn2+=8.58 mg/kg, Co2+=63.10 μg/kg, Se4+=48.30 μg/kg). The organic conversion rates of Zn, Co and Se were 49.50%, 25.94%, and 56.25%, respectively. The total amounts of the three enriched elements all essentially reached their recommended intakes indicated by the Chinese dietary guidelines. The obtained results provide references for the production of healthy vegetables enriched with multiple elements like Zn, Co and Se.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0400805);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2019B020212003)