[关键词]
[摘要]
测定并评价不同产地香椿抗氧化活性及挥发性成分的组成情况,为香椿高品质产品加工及其产业化开发提供参考。采用常规理化方法测定香椿中总黄酮、总多酚、总生物碱、总皂苷、粗多糖、可溶性蛋白含量以及DPPH·清除活性、OH·清除活性,并进行相关性及主成分分析;采用顶空固相微萃取(SPME)与气质联用仪(GC-MS)检测香椿挥发性成分,并结合相对气味活度值(ROAV)分析其主体挥发性成分。结果显示,12个产地香椿中总黄酮和总多酚含量趋势基本一致,云南香椿含量均最高。香椿总皂苷含量与DPPH·清除率之间相关系数为0.475、总黄酮和总多酚含量与OH·清除率之间相关系数分别为0.606和0.729,表现出一定的量效关系,是主要抗氧化活性基础物质。12个产地香椿中共检出229种挥发性成分,其中贵州59种、云南80种、四川73种、广西41种、湖南84种、浙江73种、山西54种、安徽69种、湖北82种、河南55种、山东52种、河北53种。各产地检出的主体挥发性成分主要为2-己烯醛、反-2-,顺-6-壬二烯醛、己醛、β-紫罗兰酮和α-蒎烯等。各产地香椿样品中抗氧化活性及挥发性成分既有一定的相似性,也有较大的差异,呈现其各自独特品质及风味。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
The antioxidant activities and volatile composition of T. sinensis from different production places were analyzed and evaluated, to provide a reference for processing and industrial development of high-quality Toona sinensis products. The contents of total flavonoids,total polyphenols, total alkaloids,total saponins, total crude polysaccharides and soluble proteins as well as DPPH free radical scavenging activity and OH· free radical scavenging activity of T. sinensis, were determined by routine physical and chemical methods, and correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were also performed. The volatile components of T. sinensis were detected by headspace solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the main volatile components were evaluated using relative odor activity value (ROAV). Results showed that the changing trend of the contents of total flavonoids and total polyphenols in T. sinensis from the 12 different growing places was essentially the same, with the contents in those from Yunnan being the highest. The correlation coefficient between the content of total saponins and DPPH clearance rate was 0.475, and those between the content of total flavonoids or the content total polyphenols and OH· free radical scavenging rate, were 0.606 and 0.729, respectively, exhibiting a dose-effect relationship. These compounds were mainly the fundamental substances responsible for the antioxidant activity. A total of 229 volatile compounds were detected in T. sinensisfrom the 12 different places, with 59 found in those from Guizhou, 80 found in those from Yunnan, 73 found in those from Sichuan, 41 found in those from Guangxi, 84 found in those from Hunan, 73 found in those from Zhejiang, 54 found in those from Shanxi, 69 found in those from Anhui, 82 found in those from Hubei, 55 found in those from Henan, 52 found in those from Shandong, and 53 found in those from Hebei. 2-Hexenal, (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, hexanal, 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one and α-pinene were the main volatile compounds in the T. sinensis from different places. The antioxidant activity and volatile composition of the T. sinensis samples from different places had certain similarities and also large differences, and exhibited their own unique qualities and flavors.
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[基金项目]
河南省科技创新杰出青年计划项目(184100510010);河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金项目(2018YQ24);河南省农业科学院杰出青年科技基金(2019JQ06)