采用负压超声技术辅助乙醇提取刺玫果黄酮，在单因素试验基础上，以超声时间，超声温度，超声功率，料液比为影响因子，应用Box-Behnken中心组合进行四因素三水平试验设计，以刺玫果黄酮得率为响应值，响应面优化提取工艺，并测定了醇提物的铁还原力及DPPH·、OH·和O2-·的清除能力。确定最佳提取工艺为：料液比为1:30，超声功率为400 W，超声时间为33 min，超声温度56 ℃，在此条件下，黄酮得率为(3.342±0.027) mg/g，同时建立了乙醇溶液提取刺玫果黄酮的二次项数学模型，对目标产物的提取具有良好的预测作用。抗氧化试验表明：刺玫果黄酮有较好的还原性，对OH·、DPPH·和O2-·均有较好的清除能力，其IC50值分别为0.021 mg/mL、0.182 μg/mL、0.013 mg/mL，还原力和对三种自由基的清除能力高于同浓度的Vc。说明负压超声法能够制备的刺玫果黄酮有较良好的抗氧化活性。

Flavonoids from Rosa davurica Pall. were extracted with ethanol assisted by negative pressure ultrasonic technology. On the basis of single factor experiment, a three-level Box-Behnken experiment design was applied with ultrasonic time, ultrasonic temperature, ultrasonic power and material-liquid ratio as influencing factors. Using the yield of flavonoids from Rosa davurica Pall. as the response value, the extraction process was optimized by response surface methodology as follows: the ratio of material to liquid 1:30, the ultrasonic power 400 W, the ultrasonic time 33 min, and the ultrasonic temperature 56 ℃. Under these conditions, the yield of flavonoids reached (3.342±0.027) mg/g. In addition, a predictive quadratic mathematical model was established for extraction of flavonoids from Rosa davurica Pall. by ethanol solution. Antioxidant evaluation showed that Rosa davurica Pall. flavonoids had good reducibility and radical scavenging abilities towards OH·,DPPH·, and O2-·,with the IC50 values being of 0.021 mg/mL, 0.182 g/mL and 0.013 mg/mL, respectively. Their reducibility and radical scavenging abilities were higher than those of Vc at the same concentrations. The results showed that the flavonoids with good antioxidant activity could be extracted from Rosa davurica Pall. by negative pressure ultrasonic method.

“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0500307-07）