本文主要介绍磁弛豫开关技术在生物检测应用中的研究进展。磁弛豫开关检测技术是核磁共振技术、纳米技术和生物免疫技术相结合的一种灵敏度高、特异性好、抗干扰能力强的快速检测技术。以修饰了生物配体的磁性纳米颗粒作为磁共振探针，该探针能特异识别某一物质，当与待测物发生特异性结合后，磁性纳米颗粒由分散态变成聚集态，使得水质子的横向弛豫时间（T2）发生改变，从而实现对待测物的检测。目前磁弛豫开关技术已经广泛应用于蛋白质、微生物、核酸、小分子等生物分子的检测，并取得了一定的成果。基于磁学信号的磁弛豫开关检测技术具有抗干扰能力强，适用于复杂基质检测的特点，使得该技术在食品安全、环境检测、临床诊断等领域都有着广阔的应用前景。

The research progress of magnetic relaxation switch technology in biological detection applications was introduced in this paper.The magnetic relaxation switch detection technology is a rapid detection technology with high sensitivity, good specificity and strong anti-interference ability combing nuclear magnetic resonance technology, nanotechnology with immunoassay technology. The magnetic nanoparticles modified with the biological ligand are used as magnetic resonance probe, which can identify a substance specifically.When specifically combined with the analyte,themagnetic nanoparticles change from dispersed state to aggregated state, the transverse relaxation time (T2) of the Water proton is changed to realize the detection of the analyte.At present, magnetic relaxation switch detection technology has been widely used in the detection of biomolecules such as proteins, microorganisms, nucleic acids, and small molecules, and has made some achievements.In addition, the magnetic relaxation switch detection technology based on magnetic signal has strong anti-interference ability and is suitable for complex component detection,which makes the technology has a broad application prospect in food safety, environmental detection, clinical diagnosis and other fields.

国家自然科学基金项目（31860467）；江西省自然科学基金项目（20151BBG70049）