本文以95%的乙醇为溶剂，采用超声辅助提取的方法对野艾蒿进行提取，得到的粗提物干膏用石油醚、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇依次萃取，得到不同的萃取组分。采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取野艾蒿中的挥发油。采用滤纸片法和二倍稀释法研究各个萃取组分和挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌体外抑菌活性。并研究了野艾蒿提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌生长曲线的影响。以昆明小鼠为实验动物进行体内抑菌实验。体外抑菌实验表明各组分的抑菌能力大小为乙酸乙酯相>正丁醇相>石油醚相=挥发油。水相组分未检出抑菌活性。石油醚相、乙酸乙酯相、正丁醇相、挥发油的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）依次为为10.00，2.50，5.00，10.00 mg/mL。乙酸乙酯相和正丁醇相对金黄色葡萄球菌的生长有显著的抑制作用（p<0.05）。体内抑菌实验表明小鼠灌胃0.50 g/kg的野艾蒿提取物时，体内抑菌活性最好。比模型组的死亡率降低了77.78%。实验表明野艾蒿提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌具有抑菌活性。

The ultrasonic-assisted extraction with 95% ethanol was used to generate a crude extract from Artemisia lavandulaefolia. Then the dried crude extract paste was treated sequentially with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol to obtain different extraction fractions. Steam distillation was used to extract the volatile oil from Artemisia lavandulaefolia. The in vitro antibacterial activity of each fraction of the crude extract and the volatile oil against Staphylococcus aureus was examined using the filter paper dilution system and double diluting method. The effect of Artemisia vlavandulaefolia extract on the growth curve of Staphylococcus aureus was studied. The in vivo antibacterial activity was investigated using Kunming mice. In vitro experiments revealed that the antibacterial ability of each fraction of the crude extract or volatile oil followed this order: ethyl acetate phase > n-butanol phase > petroleum ether phase = volatile oil. No antibacterial activity was detected for the aqueous fraction. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the petroleum ether phase, ethyl acetate phase, n-butanol phase, and volatile oil were 10.00, 2.50, 5.00, and 10.00 mg/mL respectively. The ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (p<0.05). The results of in vivo experiments showed that the highest in vivo antibacterial activity was detected when the mice were fed 0.50 g/kg of wild Artemisia lavandulaefolia extract, with the mortality rate being 77.78% lower than the model group. Thus, the extract of Artemisia lavandulaefolia has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.

陕西省科技攻关项目（2016NY-167）