本文以来自全国13个省（14个地区）46个品种的马铃薯为实验材料，采用国家标准方法或国标方法稍有改动，检测马铃薯的干物质、还原糖和淀粉含量。再通过SPSS 20.0对不同样品中还原糖和淀粉含量差异的显著性进行了分析，并采用矩阵散点图、一元线性回归研究了干物质、还原糖和淀粉含量之间相关性。结果表明：马铃薯中干物质含量为15.43%~29.67%，还原糖含量为0.09%~1.84%，淀粉含量为9.11%~22.30%（均为湿基）；大部分样品的还原糖含量差异都很显著（p<0.05），淀粉含量差异也很显著（p<0.05）；通过矩阵散点图发现马铃薯中还原糖含量与干物质含量无相关性，与淀粉含量也无相关性；马铃薯中干物质含量和淀粉含量呈正相关，服从一元线性方程：y=9.626+0.708x，即马铃薯中干物质含量越高，淀粉含量也就越高。

In this study, dry matter, reducing sugars and starch content of forty-six potato varieties from 13 provinces (14 regions), were detected according to GB methods. The significances of reducing sugar and starch content amongst different samples were analyzed by SPSS 20.0, and the correlation amongst dry matter, reducing sugar and starch content were studied by scatterplot matrix and simple line regression plot. The results showed that the content of dry matter in potato was 15.43%~29.67%, the content of reducing sugar was 0.09%~1.84% and the content of starch was 9.11%~22.30% (all wet basis). The content of reducing sugars amongst most of different potato varieties was significant difference (p<0.05), and similar result was found in starch content. While there was no correlation between reducing sugar content and dry matter, or between reducing sugars content and starch content, according to the scatterplot matrix analysis. Potato dry matter content and starch content were positively correlated with the linear equation: y=9.626+0.708x, which means that the higher the dry matter content in the potato, the higher the starch content.

国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0401302-02）；国家马铃薯产业技术体系专项（CARS-10）；甘肃省科技重大专项（1602NKDJ022-1）；兰州市科技计划（2016-3-123）