建立超声辅助均相离子液体微萃取-高效液相色谱法（UA-HILME-HPLC）同时测定丹参中的二氢丹参酮、丹参酮Ⅰ、隐丹参酮和丹参酮ⅡA。本研究以水溶性离子液体为萃取剂，以水为传递介质，采用超声波辅助提取目标物，通过向提取液中加入离子对试剂形成水不溶性离子液体，离心后发生相分离，取离子液体部分进行高效液相色谱分析。实验结果表明，超声辅助均相离子液体微萃取法的最佳提取条件为：以140 μL [C8MIM][BF4]为萃取剂，以1 mL 0.6 mol/L NH4PF6溶液为离子对试剂，样品溶液pH 5.0，初始提取温度50 ℃，超声提取时间5 min，超声功率200 W。各目标化合物在线性范围内呈现良好的线性关系（r>0.9996），检出限和定量限分别为0.02~0.04 μg/mL和0.07~0.13 μg/mL，日内和日间精密度(RSD)分别低于3.23％和4.57％，样品加标回收率在83.50~ 96.23%之间。本法集提取、浓缩、分离和纯化为一体，不使用挥发性有机溶剂，具有提取时间短，样品用量少等优点，可广泛应用于药用植物中活性成分的提取分析。

An ultrasound-assisted homogeneous ionic liquid microextraction tandem high performance liquid chromatography (UA- HILME-HPLC) method was developed and applied to the determination of four tanshinones (dihydrotanshinone, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, and tanshinone IIA) expressed in Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza. A water-soluble ionic liquid and water were used as the extraction solvent and extraction media, respectively. The target analytes were extracted using the ultrasound technique. The ion-pairing agent was added to this extraction solution, resulting in the formation of a water-insoluble ionic liquid, which was separated by centrifugation. The separated ionic liquid section was subjected to HPLC analysis. The results of this analysis identified the optimal experimental conditions for UA-HILME to be: 140 μL of the [C8MIM][BF4] extraction solvent, 1 mL of 0.6 mol/L NH4PF6 ion-pairing agent, pH of the sample solution at 5.0, an initial extraction temperature of 50 ℃, 5 min ultrasound extraction time, and 200 W ultrasonic power. All target compounds showed a good linear relationship (r > 0.9996) in the linear range. The observed limits of detection and quantification were 0.02~0.04 μg/mL and 0.07~0.13 μg/mL, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precision (RSD) was lower than 3.23% and 4.57%, respectively. The spiked sample recovery rate ranged from 83.50% to 96.23%. This method combined the processes of extraction, concentration, purification, and separation, does not require any volatile organic solvents, and shows good results despite a short extraction time and small sample size. Therefore, this method could be widely applied to the extraction and analysis of active components in medicinal plants.

吉林省医药产业发展专项资金[201130-2]