本文研究了压力、温度、陶瓷膜孔径、蒸煮液浓度和投料方式对微滤浓缩鳀鱼蒸煮液膜通量的影响。微滤浓缩时，0.45 μm和0.14 μm陶瓷膜对蛋白质的浓缩效率相同，但选用0.14 μm陶瓷膜使整体膜浓缩效率提高；升高温度、压力等均能提高陶瓷膜通量；降低蒸煮液的浓度虽能增大陶瓷膜通量，但降低了蛋白质的浓缩效率。45 ℃浓缩时陶瓷膜通量较高，并且浓缩液的菌落总数、挥发性盐基氮（TVB-N）相对于浓缩因子的增长率最小，丙二醛（TBARS）的增长率与35 ℃、25 ℃相近。因此在温度45 ℃、压力0.3 MPa和选用0.14 μm陶瓷膜的条件下，采用间歇的投料方式作为陶瓷膜浓缩鳀鱼蒸煮液较优的操作条件。陶瓷膜清洗方面，复合清洗剂（1% NaOH+0.05% SDS）在45 ℃的清洗条件下，清洗40 min可使膜通量回复率达到98.99%，比单一清洗剂（1% NaOH）提高22.85%。

Microfiltration is a promising technology for concentrating Engraulis japonicus soup by ceramic membrane. Effects of membrane pore size, pressure, temperature, initial concentration and addition modes on permeate flux were examined during microfiltration. There was no difference of the protein concentration efficiency between 0.14 μm and 0.45 μm ceramic membrane, and the integral concentration efficiency was much higher when using 0.14 μm ceramic memebrane; the permeate flux increased with temperature and pressure increased; and decreasing soup concentration could increase the permeate flux but reduced the protein concentration efficiency either. At 45 ℃,the permeate flux was higher, and the growth rate of total bacterial count and total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) value was minimum compared to 25 ℃ and 35 ℃, while the growth rate of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value had little effect with temperature. Consequently, the optimal concentrate process was obtained under the conditions of 0.14 μm ceramic membrane, 0.3 MPa, 45 ℃ and intermittent feeding. The most effective cleaning method was 40 min at 45 ℃ with solution containing 1% (m/V) NaOH and 0.05% (m/V) SDS. The flux recovery ratio of the most effective method was 98.99%, which was 22.85% higher than that of solution only with 1% NaOH.

浙江省科技厅重大科技专项（2012C03009-5）