为了比较不同萃取方法对库买提杏干挥发性成分的萃取效果，从而找到更适合杏干挥发性成分分析的方法，采用气相色谱-质谱法（Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometer，GC-MS）结合保留指数（Retention index，RI）对提取挥发性成分进行分离鉴定，对比分析了两种不同溶剂的同时蒸馏萃取法（Simultaneous Distillation Extraction，SDE）和顶空固相微萃取法(Head Space Solid-phase Micro-extraction，HS-SPME)提取杏干挥发性成分的效果。结果表明：两种方法提取到的杏干挥发性成分差异明显，两种方法共提取出46种挥发性成分，共有成分6种。其中，HS-SPME检测出24种，以醇类（7种）、酮类（5种）、酯类（6种）为主；主要化合物有芳樟醇5.22%、α-萜品醇10.48%、香叶醇2.55%、香叶基丙酮3.05%、β-紫罗兰酮18.8%、乙酸香叶酯2.95%、二氢猕猴桃内酯17.7%、领苯二甲酸二丁酯3.77%等。SDE（二氯甲烷）检测出25种，以醇类（7种）、酯类（6种）、烷烃（5种）类为主，主要化合物有芳樟醇9.87%、松油醇9.71%、植醇2.34%、β-紫罗兰酮6.55%、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯4.04%、丁基羟基甲苯5.46%、二十四烷2.15%、二十六烷3.75%等。SDE（乙醚、正戊烷）检测出18种，以醇类（3种）、酮类（3种）、酯类（3种）、烷烃类（5种）为主，主要的化合物有芳樟醇3.48%、松油醇3.74%、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯3.67%等。HS-SPME和SDE法各有优点和缺点，结合起来，更能全面、准确地分析鉴定杏干的挥发性成分。

In order to compare the effects of different extraction methods on the volatile components of dried Kumaiti apricots, and then develop a more suitable method for the analysis of these volatile components, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with retention index evaluation was used to separate and identify the extracted volatile components. The outcomes of simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) with two different solvents and headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) to extract volatile components from dried apricots were compared. The results showed that the volatile components extracted from the dried apricots by the two methods were significantly different. A total of 46 volatile components were extracted by the two methods, with 6 common components. Among them, 24 volatile components were detected by HS-SPME, mainly including 7 alcohols, 5 ketones and 6 esters; the main compounds were linalool (5.22%), α-terpineol (10.48%), geraniol (2.55%), geranylacetone (3.05%), β-ionone (18.8%), geranyl acetate (2.95%), dihydro kiwi lactone (17.7%), and dibutyl phthalate (3.77%). SDE (with dichloromethane) detected 25 volatile components, including 7 alcohols, 6 esters, and 5 alkanes, with the main compounds as linalool (9.87%), terpineol (9.71%), phytol (2.34%), β-ionone (6.55%), dibutyl phthalate (4.04%), butylated hydroxytoluene (5.46%), tetracosane (2.15%), and hexadecane (3.75%) . Eighteen volatile components were detected by SDE (with diethyl ether and n-pentane), mainly including 3 alcohols, 3 ketones, 3 esters (and 5 alkanes, with the main compounds as linalool (3.48%), terpineol (3.74%), and diisooctyl phthalate (3.67%). The HS-SPME and SDE methods had their own advantages and disadvantages. The combined use of the two methods provide a more comprehensive and accurate analysis of the volatile components of dried apricots.

国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目（31660465）；中国科学院“西部青年学者”项目（2017-XBQNXZ-A-010）