研究七种常见水生蔬菜不同部位提取物的抗氧化活性以及对油脂抗氧化的效果。采用ABTS自由基清除法、DPPH自由基清除法检测菱角、芡实、莲藕、水芋头、茭白、荸荠和慈姑不同部位的醇提物、水提物的抗氧化活性，烘箱法测定对菜籽油过氧化值的影响。在30种提取物中DPPH自由基清除能力较强的三种提取物IC50值分别为：芡实壳醇提物（0.03 mg/mL）<芡实壳水提物(0.04 mg/mL)=菱角壳醇提物（0.04 mg/mL）；ABTS自由基清除能力较强的三种提取物Trolox含量分别为芡实壳醇提物（1.42 g/g）>芡实壳水提物(1.41 g/g)>菱角壳醇提物(1.15 g/g)；添加0.1%浓度的五种提取物第7 d的POV值分别为23.86 meq/kg、24.06 meq/kg、23.53 meq/kg、24.43 meq/kg、22.40 meq/kg，五种提取物的油脂抗氧化效果均不如0.1%浓度的BHA。30种水生蔬菜提取物中，芡实壳和菱角壳的醇提物、水提物DPPH自由基清除能力最强，芡实壳醇提物、水提物ABTS自由基清除能力最强；芡实壳水提物、芡实壳醇提物、菱角壳水提物、菱角壳醇提物以及藕节醇提物对菜籽油有一定抗氧化的效果，但效果弱于相同剂量的BHA。

The antioxidative activities of extracts from different parts of seven common aquatic vegetables and their antioxidative effects on oil were studied. ABTS free radical scavenging and DPPH free radical scavenging were used to determine the antioxidant activity of alcohol extracts and water extracts from different parts of Water chestnut, Citronella, Lotus root, Taro, Water chestnut, and Arrowhead, and oven method was used to determine their effect on rapeseed oil. The IC50 values of the three extracts with stronger DPPH free radical scavenging ability among 30 kinds of extracts were as follows: the alcohol extract of Gordon euryale (0.03 mg/mL) < the water extract of Gordon euryale (0.04 mg/mL) = the water extract of water caldron (0.04 mg/mL). The trolox contents of the three extracts with stronger ABTS free radical scavenging ability were: ethanol extract of Gordon euryale seed shell (1.42 g/g) > water extract of Gordon euryale seed shell (1.41 g/g) > ethanol extract of water caltrop shell (1.15 g/g). The POV values on the seventh day of the five extracts with 0.1% concentration were: 23.86 meq/kg, 24.06 meq/kg, 23.53 meq/kg, 24.43 meq/kg and 22.40 meq/kg, respectively. The results showed that the antioxidant effects of the five extracts on oil were not as good as 0.1% BHA. The determination of the antioxidant activity of extracts from different parts of 7 aquatic vegetables indicated that DPPH free radical scavenging ability of alcohol extract, water extract of Gordon euryale seed shell and water chestnut shell were the strongest, ABTS free radical scavenging ability of alcohol extract and water extract of Gordon euryale seed shell were the strongest. Gordon euryale seed shell aqueous extract and alcohol extract, water chestnut shell water extract and alcohol extract and lotus root section alcohol extract had certain antioxidant effect on rapeseed oil, but the effects were weaker than the same dose of BHA.

国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0400603)