本研究探究甜菜红素经影响Ghrelin信号通路对厌食症大鼠胃肠道运动的改善作用，制备甜菜红素的同时建立厌食症大鼠模型，分为正常组、厌食症组、阳性对照组、甜菜红素组四组，甜菜红素组使用100 mg/kg甜菜红素灌胃，阳性对照组使用健胃消食片水溶剂25 g/kg灌胃，正常组、厌食症组使用2 mL蒸馏水灌胃。药物干预结束后对比分析四组大鼠摄食量、体重、胃肠道运动、血清淀粉酶、血清胃泌素以及胃窦部Ghrelin信号通路蛋白表达量。研究结果显示，在甜菜红素的干预下，厌食症大鼠胃内残留率由62.35%下降至42.65%，小肠推进比、血清淀粉酶、血清胃泌素由28.65%、1779.65 U/L、25.56 ng/L上升至69.68%、2101.22 U/L、50.23 ng/L，胃窦部生长激素腺释放肽（Ghrelin）信号通路蛋白生长激素促分泌受体（GHSR）、蛋白激酶C（PKC）、肌醇三磷酸（IP3R）、肌球蛋白轻链（MLC）表达量由0.73、0.13、0.23、0.46上升至0.98、0.95、0.97、0.85，差异具有统计学意义（p<0.05）。研究发现，甜菜红素可通过作用于Ghrelin信号通路，增加GHSR、PKC、IP3R、MLC表达量，降低胃内残留率，提高小肠推进比、血清淀粉酶、血清胃泌素水平，进而改善厌食症大鼠胃肠道运动障碍，增加摄食量、体重，最终改善厌食症状。

In this study, the ameliorating effect of betaine on the gastrointestinal motility of anorexic rats via affecting the Ghrelin signaling pathway was studied. The betaine was prepared while the anorexic rat model was established, which was divided into four groups: the normal group, anorexic group, positive control group, and betaine group. The betaine group was administrated with 100 mg/kg betaine via gavage, the positive control group was administrated with 25 g/kg water-soluble Jianwei Xiaoshi table via gavage, and the normal group and the anorexic group were given 2 mL of distilled water via gavage. After drug intervention, the food intake, body weight, gastrointestinal motility, serum amylase, serum gastrin and the expression of Ghrelin signal pathway protein in the gastric antrum of the four groups were analyzed and compared. The results showed that with the intervention of betanin, the gastric residual rate in anorexic rats decreased from 62.35% to 42.65%, the small intestinal propulsion rate, content of serum amylase, and content of serum gastrin increased from 28.65%, 1779.65 U/L, 25.56 ng/L to 69.68%, 2101.22 U/L, 50.23 ng/L, respectively. The expression levels of the Ghrelin signaling pathway proteins, growth hormone receptor (GHSR), protein kinase C (PKC), alcohol triphosphate (IP3R) and myosin light chain (MLC) increased from 0.73, 0.13, 0.23 and 0.46 to 0.98, 0.95, 0.97 and 0.85, respectively, with the differences being statistically significant (p<0.05). It was found that betanin could increase the expression levels of GHSR, PKC, IP3R and MLC, reduce the residual rate of the stomach, and increase the small intestinal propulsion rate, serum amylase and serum gastrin level, through acting on the Ghrelin signaling pathway, thereby ameliorating the gastrointestinal motility disorder in anorexic rats, increasing the food intake and body weight, and ultimately alleviating the anorexic symptoms.

江西省科技厅对外科技合作项目（2013ZBDH80002）