研究了西洋参超微粉饮片对小鼠抗疲劳作用和急性毒性，并探究其潜在作用机制。各组小鼠连续灌胃给药31 d，期间和给药后测定小鼠体重、行为学指标、生化指标、肠道微生物变化。与空白组比较，西洋参超微粉饮片组小鼠的转棒时间、跑步距离与爬杆时间均延长，分别为31.03%、15.67%、27.77%；肝糖原和肌糖原、骨骼肌ATP都有升高，分别为35.78%、29.29%、14.49%。血清中的丙二醛(MDA)、尿素氮(BUN)水平显著降低24.03%(p<0.05)、13.27%(p<0.01)，T-SOD活性升高12.71%。Ruminiclostridium_9(p=0.0367)、Oscillibacter(p=0.0154)丰度降低，Turicibacters(p=0.0001)丰度增加。胃肠道HE无明显病理变化；一日内给予KM小鼠25.6 g/kg超微粉饮片，小鼠体质量、行为和胃肠道病理均无明显变化。结果说明了西洋参超微粉组抗疲劳作用，比其他两种给药方式好，与增加能量供应和减少代谢物质蓄积直接相关、可能与改变肠道菌群间接相关；对KM小鼠无急性毒性反应。

The anti-fatigue effect and acute toxicity of American ginseng ultrafine powder on mice were studied, and the potential mechanism of action was explored. The mice in each group were administered with continuous intragastric administration for 31 days. The body weight, behavioral index, biochemical index and intestinal microbial changes were measured during and after the administration. Compared with the blank group, the time of the rod, the running distance and the climbing time of mice in the American ginseng ultrafine powder group were prolonged, which were 31.03%, 15.67%, and 27.77%, respectively; hepatic glycogen and muscle glycogen, skeletal muscle ATP were increased by 35.78%, 29.29%, and 14.49%, respectively. The levels of MDA and BUN in serum were significantly decreased by 24.03% (p<0.05) and 13.27% (p<0.01), respectively, and T-SOD activity was increased by 12.71%. Ruminiclostridium_9 (p=0.0367) and Oscillibacter (p=0.0154) abundance decreased, and Turicisbacteria (p=0.0001) abundance increased. There was no obvious pathological change in HE in the gastrointestinal tract; 25.6 g/kg of ultrafine powder tablets were administered to KM mice within one day, and there was no significant change in body mass, behavior and gastrointestinal pathology. The results showed that the anti-fatigue effect of American ginseng ultrafine powder group was better than the other two modes of administration, which was directly related to increasing energy supply and reducing the accumulation of metabolic substances, and may be indirectly related to the change of intestinal flora; no acute toxicity to KM mice was observed.

吉林省科技发展项目（20190201153JC）