食品质量安全问题已成为社会广泛关注的焦点，小龙虾是近年来兴起的重要的经济虾类，我国是其最大生产国，2018年小龙虾产量高达163.87万t，经济效益多达3697亿元。目前小龙虾的养殖模式主要包括稻虾和塘虾模式，其中稻虾模式已成为主要的生态农业发展模式之一。但是现有小龙虾标准发展滞后，多数由现有食品类标准移植过来，缺乏针对小龙虾品种特点的有关标准，因而对我国小龙虾相关的标准进行梳理，为其标准制定提供依据显得十分必要。本文主要针对小龙虾质量安全、生产、产业现状，分别介绍了与小龙虾相关的质量安全方面的指标参数和限量要求，以及与稻虾综合种养模式相关的生产标准，并针对小龙虾现有相关标准的特点和不足，对其标准研究方向进行展望，以期给我国政府及其标准制定人员提供理论依据和借鉴。

The issue of food quality and safety has already drawn widespread attention from the society. Crayfish is an important economic shrimp that has emerged in recent years. China is its largest producer. In 2018, the production of crayfish reached 1,638,700 tons, with economic profit as 369.7 billion yuan. At present, the breeding mode of crayfish mainly includes rice-crayfish and pond-crayfish cultures, with the rice-crayfish culture becoming one of the main ecological agriculture development modes. However, the existing crayfish standards are less developed (with most of them being transferred from the existing food standards), and there is a lack of specific standards based on the characteristics of crayfish species. Therefore, it is necessary to sort out the relevant standards for crayfish in China and provide a basis for the standard development. In this article, a focus is placed on the quality and safety, production and industrial status of crayfish. The quality and safety indicators and limit requirements related to crayfish as well as the production standards related to the comprehensive rice-crayfish culture are introduced separately. According to the characteristics and shortcomings of the existing standards for crayfish, the prospects and research directions associated with these standards are also given in order to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the government and the standard-setting personnel.

湖北省农业科学院院青年基金项目（2017NKYJJ15；2019NKYJJ11）