为了比较不同品种脂臀羊尾脂的品质差异，本文以阿勒泰羊、巴音布鲁克羊、哈萨克羊尾脂为原料，采用真空热压抽提羊尾油，对3个品种的羊尾油进行理化指标测定，并利用气相色谱/质谱联用技术分析各品种脂臀羊尾脂的脂肪酸组成。结果表明：不同品种脂臀羊尾脂的理化性质存在差异，其中阿勒泰羊尾脂的皂化值、酸价、熔点最高，分别为196.87 mg/g、0.80 mg/g、39.2 ℃；巴音布鲁克羊尾脂的碘值和水分含量最高，分别为50.29 g/100 g、9.36%；不同品种脂臀羊尾脂的脂肪酸具有差异，其中3个品种羊尾脂的饱和脂肪酸、不饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸以及n-6/n-3的比值均存在显著性差异，十五烷酸（C15:0）、十七烷酸（C17:0）、硬脂酸（C18:0）、棕榈酸（C16:0）和棕榈油酸（cis-9 C16:1）之比、油酸（cis-9 C18:1）和硬脂酸（C18:0）之比与品种具有较强相关性。结论：无论是从饱和脂肪酸与人体的健康关系出发，还是考虑多不饱和脂肪酸对人体的有益之处、以及n-6/n-3的理想比值，三个品种的羊尾脂都符合人类的食用健康性。

In order to valuate the qualities of different varieties of fat-hip sheep fat, the sheep tail fat from Altay sheep, Bayinbulak and Kazakh sheep were selected as raw materials. The vacuum-heat extraction was used to prepare the sheep tail fat. Physicochemical indicators were determined. The fatty acid composition of various varieties of fat-hip sheep tail fat was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The results showed that the physicochemical properties of different varieties of fat-hip sheep tail fat were different. The saponification value, acid value and melting point of Altay sheep tail fat were the highest, which were 196.87 mg/g, 0.80 mg/g, 39.2 ℃, respectively. For Bayinbulak sheep, the iodine value and water content of tail fat were 50.29 g/100 g and 9.36%, respectively. The fatty acids of different varieties of fat-hip sheep tail fat were different. There were significant differences in the ratios of the saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and n-6/n-3. Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0), heptadecanoic acid (C17:0), stearic acid (C18:0), the ratio of palmitic acid (C16:0) to palmitic acid (cis-9 C16:1), the ratio of oleic acid (cis-9 C18:1) and stearic acid (C18:0) is strongly correlated with the variety. In conclusion, from the review of the relationship between saturated fatty acids and human health, the beneficial effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on the human body and the ideal ratio of n-6/n-3, the three varieties of sheep fat are benifit to health.

新疆农业大学校前期资助课题（XJAU201610）