为了最大化获取陈皮挥发性成分，本文采用顶空固相微萃取（HS-SPME）结合气相色谱质谱联用仪（GC-MS）对不同年份陈皮进行分析。结果表明，陈皮取样量为2 g，在90 ℃中萃取30 min所得挥发性成分最多，方法学考察中陈皮在6次平行试验中共有的色谱峰相对保留时间及相对峰面积的相对标准偏差（RSD）均低于0.05%。三个不同年份陈皮中共检出44种挥发性成分，相对含量较高的挥发性组分有β-月桂烯、邻异丙基甲苯、D-柠檬烯、萜品烯、α-法尼烯、右旋香芹酮、香芹酚和2-(甲氨基)苯甲酸甲酯，其中含量最高的是陈皮的特征香气代表D-柠檬烯。随着陈皮贮藏年限延长，挥发性物质种类明显增多，烃类、醛酮类和酚类等物质相对总量变化程度较大，说明物质之间发生了相互转化，SPME的优化方法适用于陈皮挥发性物质的提取。

To obtain the maximum types of volatile compounds in dried tangerine peel, headspace solid phase micro-extraction (HS–SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the peel samples of different years. The results showed that for 2 g of the samples, the maximum types of volatile compounds were obtained after 30 min of extraction at 90 ℃. Methodological examinations showed that the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the relative retention time and peak area of the common peaks of dried tangerine peel in six parallel experiments were both lower than 0.05%. Forty-four volatile compounds were detected in dried tangerine peel samples from three different storage years. The compounds with relatively high amounts include β-myrcene, isopropyl toluene, D-limonene, terpinene, alpha farnesene, dextral carvone, carvacrol, and 2-(methyl amino) benzoic acid methyl ester. The compound with the highest content was D-limonene, which contributes to the characteristic aroma of dried tangerine peel. With the increase in storage year, the number of types of volatile compounds increased remarkably. The relative amounts of hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, and phenols changed significantly, which suggested that the mutual conversion occurred among the substances and the optimized SPME method could be applied to extract the volatile substances of dried tangerine peel.

广东省省级科技计划项目（2013B051000071）