采用高效液相色谱一四极杆飞行时间串联质谱(HPLC-Q-TOF-MS)对鲩鱼肉甲醇提取液中的主要含N类化合物进行推导和解析。利用正与负离子两种扫描方式，并依据高分辨质谱提供的准分子离子峰和碎片离子的精确分子质量信息，确证有关物质及其特征碎片离子的分子组成，再通过结合chemspider数据库，最终确定鲩鱼肉中的33种含N类化合物组分，并对每个组分的主要碎片数据进行推导与解析。结果显示33种含N类化合物组分中包括11种氨基酸（α-氨基酸8种），12种胺类化合物，8种酰胺类化合物和2种杂环N类化合物。因此，采用HPLC-Q-TOF-MS和质谱质解规律，可推导出鲜活原料中的单体化合物结构，提高其化学成分的鉴定与分析效率。这也有利于鲜活原料保藏过程中活性成分与新化合物的鉴别与演变推导。

The main nitrogenous compounds in methanol extracts of Ctenopharyngodon idellus were analyzed and identified using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Both positive and negative ionization modes were used to confirm the related chemical compounds and their characteristic fragment ions according to the accurate molecular mass information of the excimer ion peaks and the fragment ions. Using the ChemSpider database, 33 nitrogenous compounds in Ctenopharyngodon idellus were ultimately determined, and the data for the main fragments of each component were analyzed. These 33 nitrogenous compounds included 11 amino acids (eight types of α-amino acids), 12 amines, eight amide compounds, and two heterocyclic nitrogenous compounds. The results showed that the structures of monomer compounds in fresh aquatic products and raw materials could be elucidated directly using the HPLC-Q-TOF-MS technique and fragmentation analysis by mass spectrometry, which can improve the efficiency of analysis and identification of chemical components in fresh raw material. This study shows that these techniques are conducive for the identification and analysis of active components and newly generated compounds during the storage of fresh raw materials.

国家“863”子课题项目（2013AA102201-3）；广东省科技项目（2015B020206001）；广州市对外合作项目（201603）；广东省农科院院长基金项目（201415）