为探讨母体铅暴露对其仔一代小鼠的海马组织中P2X7受体蛋白表达的影响，将雌性小鼠自妊娠第1 d起开始经饮水染铅（0.1%、0.5%和1%的浓度溶解在去离子水中，对照组饮蒸馏水）至仔鼠出生后21 d断乳为止。在出生后第21 d，随机抽取各组仔鼠，分别采用石墨炉原子光谱吸收法测定血液和海马组织内铅的含量，免疫组织化学和Western blot检测海马组织中P2X7受体蛋白的表达。各个铅暴露组中血铅水平和海马组织的铅含量要显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，铅暴露组中P2X7受体的表达显著增加（P<0.05)。母体铅暴露使铅在仔鼠体内蓄积，提示血铅和海马组织中铅含量的升高，从而引起海马组织中P2X7受体的过量表达，可能会引起海马组织神经元的功能损伤，进而损伤了神经系统，引起神经毒性。

In order to investigate the effects of maternal lead (Pb) exposure on the expression of P2X7 receptor in the hippocampus of mouse offspring, female mice were administered Pb through their drinking water, from the first day of gestation until the pups were weaned, at 21 days of age. Lead acetate was dissolved in distilled deionized water at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.5%, or 1%. The control group received only distilled water. At postnatal day 21, blood and hippocampal Pb levels were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, and the expression of P2X7 receptor in the hippocampus was examined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Blood and hippocampal Pb levels of all lead-exposure groups were significantly higher compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the expression of P2X7 receptor was increased in Pb-exposed groups in comparison with the control group (P < 0.05). Maternal Pb exposure led to the Pb accumulation in mouse pups, and it increased Pb levels in the blood and hippocampus. Consequently, P2X7 receptor was overexpressed in the hippocampus of these pups, which may contribute to the dysfunction of hippocampal neurons, causing damage in the nervous system and neurotoxicity.

国家自然科学基金（31201878，U1204804）