副溶血性弧菌（Vibiro parahaemolyticus）是一种常见的食源性致病菌，本文研究了珠江三角洲地区副溶血性弧菌的遗传多样性。从54株副溶血性弧菌出发，研究了它们的API20E生化反应、抗生素耐药性、O抗原血清型，进行了ERIC-PCR分子分型，并检测了两种毒力基因tdh和trh的分布。54株副溶血性弧菌可被分为6个生化反应类群，主要类群为Biochem-A；菌株对萘啶酮酸、环丙沙星、氯霉素均不耐药，而对氨苄青霉素耐药率最高，耐药率0.88；O抗原血清型分别为O1、O2、O3、O4、O5、O6、O8、O10、O11，O2为主要血清型，O3为临床主要血清型；ERIC-PCR分子分型将54株菌分成47个型别，ERIC-PCR图谱相似性大于0.80的类群有12个，没有明显的优势类群；有12株副溶血性弧菌为tdh阳性，阳性率为0.22，其中10株为临床来源菌株；有2株副溶血性弧菌为trh阳性，阳性率为0.04，均为食品分离株。珠三角地区食品和临床来源的副溶血性弧菌具有丰富的遗传多样性。

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a common food-borne pathogen. The work attempted to evaluate the genetic diversity of V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from food and clinical samples in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) district. In total, fifty four V. parahaemolyticus strains were included in the study. Biochemical reaction tests were performed with the API20E system and antibiotic susceptibility was examined for eight common antibiotics: nalidixic acid (NAL), streptomycin (STR), cephalothin (CEP), ampicillin (AMP), ciprofloxacin (CIP), tetracyclin (TCY), chloramphenicol (CHL), and aztreonam (ATM). O-serotypes and prevalence of tdh and trh were determined using PCR methods. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR assays were performed for molecular typing. The 54 V. parahaemolyticus strains were grouped into six biochemical clusters, and Biochem-A was the dominant cluster. None of the strains was resistant to NAL, CIP, or CHL, while 48 strains (88%) were resistant to AMP. Nine O-serotypes (O1, O2, O3, O4, O5, O6, O8, O10, and O11) were detected; O2 was the main serotype and O3 was the main clinical serotype. Forty-seven genotypes were found by ERIC-PCR molecular typing and 12 clusters with a similarity of 0.80 were established, but none was dominant. Twelve strains (22%), including ten clinical isolates and two isolates derived from food sources, were tdh-positive. Only two strains (4%) from food samples were trh-positive. Dramatic genetic diversity of V. parahaemolyticus strains from the PRD district was confirmed in this study.

广东省自然科学基金研究团队项目（S2012030006235）；广州市科技计划项目（201300000074）