本研究围绕小麦醇溶蛋白（gliadin）自组装展开，以NaCas作为稳定剂利用水相反溶剂过程中gliadin与thymol共组装构建水溶性的抗菌gliadin/NaCas胶体粒子。利用纳米粒度仪、扫描电镜等技术手段表征纳米粒子的形貌、尺度，并研究了thymol的释放动力学及纳米粒子的持续抗菌性能。Gliadin/NaCas胶体粒子是纳米尺度的球形颗粒，尺度均一（PDI=0.31）。此类纳米粒子具有良好的水溶性及冻干复溶性，荷载疏水类抗菌剂（thymol）不影响胶体粒子的复溶性能。Gliadin/NaCas胶体粒子具有很强的荷载和控释能力，thymol与gliadin比例介于1:10~3:4时胶体粒子的尺度仅略有增加（从约270 nm 增加至约300 nm），thymol的包封率高达96%；经过7 d释放，仅释放约30%的thymol。Gliadin/NaCas纳米粒子在模拟食品体系中具有持续抗菌能力。本研究为功能性抗菌食品配料的研制提供全新的技术解决手段。

The objective of this work is to fabricate water-soluble and antimicrobial gliadin nanoparticles stabilized by sodium caseinate (NaCas) via the synchronous-assembly process of thymol and gliadin during the anti-solvent approach. Morphological attributes, particle size, antimicrobial properties as well as release profiles of thymol-loaded nanoparticles were investigated. The gliadin/NaCas nanoparticles were spherical in shape and uniform with PDI value of 0.31, possessing the water-solubility and re-dispersibility after freeze-drying. Thymol loading resulted in a slight increase in particle size from ~ 270 nm to ~300 nm at the thymol-to-gliadin ratios of 1:10~3:4, but did not affect the re-dispersibility of the nanoparticles. Morover, these nanoparticles had strong encapsulation capacity, and the encapsulation efficiency (EE) of thymol was as high as 96%. The nanoparticles sustained the release of thymol, and the accumulative release after 7 day was about 30%. These nanoparticles were also effective in delaying the growth of Staphylococcus aureus in M-H broth at 37 ℃. This work opens a promising pathway for the manufacture of water-soluble vehicle for antimicrobials to design novel antimicrobial food formulation.

广东省自然基金项目资助项目（S2013010012097）；华南理工大学中央高校基本科研业务费滚动项目（2014ZG0021）