金煌芒和贵妃芒抗病性差异与果实角质层之间的关系

Relationship between Disease Resistance and Fruit Cuticle of Jinhuang and Guifei Mangoes

摘要:

为了探明芒果果实抗病性与果实角质层的关系，从5个品种中筛选到抗病性最强的金煌芒和抗病性最弱的贵妃芒，通过蜡质去除、体外抑菌、扫描电镜（SEM）、气质联用（GC-MS）等方法和手段初步揭示金煌芒和贵妃芒抗病性差异与果实角质层之间的关系。结果显示：金煌芒的病情指数显著低于贵妃芒（贮藏12 d时分别为37.83%和86.72%）；金煌芒和贵妃芒去除总蜡后，炭疽病发病严重；体外抑菌结果显示两个品种芒果的蜡质没有呈现明显抑制胶胞炭疽病菌丝生长的作用；相比贵妃芒，SEM显示金煌芒具有更致密的蜡质形态且金煌芒的蜡质含量显著高于贵妃芒，因此金煌芒蜡质具有更好的屏障作用；GC-MS显示金煌芒和贵妃芒蜡质的主要成分分别为醛类物质和醇类物质，且均在内蜡中检测出萜类物质异松油烯和β-瑟林烯；金煌芒的角质层基质单体含量是贵妃芒的1.55倍。该文揭示了芒果果实抗病性与果实角质层之间存在紧密联系，该结果将为芒果的贮运保鲜提供理论和技术支持。

Abstract:

In order to examine the relationship between disease resistance and the cuticle of mango fruits, the more disease resistant Jinhuang and less disease-resistant Guifei mangoes were selected from five mango varieties and analyzed using wax stripping, in vitro bacteriostatic, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that Jinhuang mangoes exhibited a disease index of 37.83%, considerably lower than the 86.72% observed in Guifei mangoes after 12 days of storage. After the complete removal of wax, the occurrence of anthracnose notably affected the two mango varieties. In vitro antibacterial results showed that the wax from the two varieties of mangoes did not exhibit any obvious inhibitory effect on the hyphal growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. SEM results showed that Jinhuang mangoes possessed a denser waxy morphology and remarkably higher wax content than Guifei mangoes, indicating a superior barrier effect of the Jinhuang mango wax. GC-MS results showed that the primary wax components of Jinhuang and Guifei mangoes were aldehydes and alcohols, respectively, with the terpenoids isopterene and β-serinene detected in the inner wax of both varieties. The cuticle monomer matrix in Jinhuang mango was 1.55 times that in Guifei mango. This study revealed a strong correlation between disease resistance in mango fruit and the cuticle, providing theoretical and technical support for the storage, transportation, and preservation of mango fruits.