基于肠道菌群探究诺尼果多糖对高脂膳食小鼠胰岛素抵抗的缓解作用

Exploring the Alleviating Effect of Noni Fruit Polysaccharides on Insulin Resistance in High-fat Diet Mice Based on Gut Microbiota

摘要:

为探究诺尼果多糖（Noni fruit polysaccharide, NFP）干预对高脂膳食（High fat diet, HFD）小鼠糖代谢的影响及其可能的作用机制。本研究利用30只雄性C57BL/6小鼠进行了为期8周的动物实验，并分析比较了各组小鼠糖代谢相关指标和盲肠肠道菌群差异。结果表明，与正常对照组相比，HFD组小鼠的空腹血糖（Fasting blood glucose, FBG）在第2、4、6、8周分别升高41.38%、50.55%、54.44%、42.45%；同时，HFD组小鼠的糖耐量也有不同程度受损；而在高脂膳食的同时补充200 mg/kg的NFP能一定程度缓解高脂膳食导致的FBG升高和糖耐量受损。此外，与模型组相比，NFP组小鼠的胰岛素抵抗指数和糖化血清蛋白含量显著下降19.03%和22.26%（P<0.05）。肠道菌群分析表明，NFP干预可抑制高脂膳食导致的小鼠肠道菌群中Faecalibaculum、Dubosiella、Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006和norank_f_erysipelotrichaceae相对丰度的升高。Spearman相关性分析显示，Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006、norank_f_erysipelotrichaceae和Faecalibaculum与胰岛素抵抗指数呈现正相关，而norank_f_muribaculaceae和Akkermansia与胰岛素抵抗指数呈现负相关。综上，本研究认为，高脂膳食引起小鼠胰岛素抵抗与肠道菌群被破坏密切相关，NFP可通过调节肠道菌群，发挥缓解胰岛素抵抗的作用。本研究为相关功能性食品或药物的研究与开发提供了重要参考。

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effect and its possible mechanisms of noni fruit polysaccharide (NFP) intervention on glucose metabolism in mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). 30 male C57BL/6 mice were employed to an 8-week experiment, and the glucose metabolism-related indicators and the intestinal microbiota in the cecum of mice were analyzed and compared in this study. The results showed that compared with the normal control group, the fasting blood glucose (FBG) in mice of the Model group increased by 41.38%, 50.55%, 54.44%, and 42.45% respectively in the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th weeks. The glucose tolerance of mice in the Model group was also damaged to some degrees. While supplementing 200 mg/kg of NFP could alleviate the increase in FBG and the damage of glucose tolerance caused by HFD. Furthermore, compared with the Model group, the insulin resistance index and glycated serum protein content in mice of the NFP group decreased significantly by 19.03% and 22.26% respectively (P < 0.05). Gut microbiota analysis indicated that the NFP intervention suppressed the HFD-induced increases in relative abundance of Faecalibaculum, Dubosiella, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006, and norank_f_erysipelotrichaceae. Spearman correlation analysis revealed positive correlations between Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006, norank_f_erysipelotrichaceae, and Faecalibaculum with IR index, while negative correlations were observed for norank_f_muribaculaceae and Akkermansia with IR index. In conclusion, this study suggests that HFD-induced insulin resistance in mice was closely related to the disruption of the intestinal microbiota. NFP could alleviate insulin resistance by regulating the intestinal microbiota. This research provides an important reference for the study and development of related functional foods or drugs.