苁蓉枣仁乌梅饮料制备工艺优化及改善睡眠作用评价

Optimization of Extraction Process for Congrong Zaoren Wumei Beverage Extract and Evaluation of Its Sleep-Improving Effects

摘要:

为了优化苁蓉枣仁乌梅饮料（肉苁蓉、酸枣仁和乌梅）提取物制备工艺并评价其改善睡眠作用，建立同时测定松果菊苷、毛蕊花糖苷、斯皮诺素、枸橼酸HPLC检测方法，以4种化合物和多糖含量为评价指标，通过正交实验优化其制备工艺并进行验证和放大；采用直接睡眠试验、旷场试验、巴比妥钠阈下剂量睡眠试验和巴比妥钠睡眠潜伏期试验，考察其对小鼠睡眠的改善作用。结果表明，提取物最佳提取条件为，提取温度100 ℃、料液比1:12 （g·mL-1）、提取时间2 h。连续给药30 d，该提取物对小鼠无直接睡眠作用，但可减轻小鼠在旷场试验中的焦虑感，具有一定的镇静效果；此外，其可增强阈下剂量巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠作用（低、中、高剂量组小鼠入睡率分别为33.33%、41.67%和50.00%），缩短巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠潜伏期（低、中、高剂量组小鼠睡眠潜伏期分别为22.77、22.18和14.93 min）。该研究优化苁蓉枣仁乌梅饮料提取物制备工艺并证明其具有改善睡眠作用，为肉苁蓉改善睡眠系列产品的开发提供科学依据。

Abstract:

To optimize the extraction process of Congrong Zaoren Wumei Beverage (composed of Cistanche deserticola, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, and Mume Fructus) and evaluate its sleep-improving effects, an HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of echinacoside, verbascoside, spinosin and citric acid was established. Using the content of these four compounds and polysaccharides as evaluation criteria, the extraction process for the Congrong Zaoren wumei Beverage (composed of Cistanche deserticola, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, and Mume Fructus) was optimized through orthogonal experiments, followed by validation and scale-up trials. The sleep-improving effects of the extract were investigated in mice using direct sleep tests, open-field tests, subthreshold dose sodium pentobarbital sleep tests, and sodium pentobarbital sleep latency tests. The results demonstrated that the optimal extraction conditions for the Congrong Wumei Zaoren beverage extract were an extraction temperature of 100 ℃, a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:12 (g·mL-1), and an extraction time of 2 hours. It was found that continuous administration of the extract for 30 days did not induce direct sleep effects in mice but significantly alleviated anxiety in the open-field test, indicating a certain sedative effect. The extract enhanced the sleep-inducing effects of sub-threshold doses of sodium pentobarbital (sleep rates for low, medium, and high doses were 33.33%, 41.67%, and 50.00%, respectively) and significantly shortened the sleep latency induced by sodium pentobarbital (sleep latencies for low, medium, and high doses were 22.77, 22.18, and 14.93 minutes, respectively). This study optimized the extraction process for Congrong Zaoren Wumei Beverage and demonstrated its sleep-improving effects, providing a scientific foundation for developing sleep-enhancing products derived from Cistanche deserticola.