食药同源植物外泌体提取、鉴定及应用研究进展

Research Progress on Extraction, Identification and Application of Exosomes from Food and Medicine-Related Plants

摘要:

外泌体是由细胞分泌的纳米级(直径约30-150 nm)脂质双层膜囊泡,其内富含多种具有重要生物学功能的活性物质,包括蛋白质、核酸、脂质及小分子等。近年来,食药同源来源植物的外泌体(Plant exosome-like nanovesicles,PENs)因其优异的生物活性、良好的生物相容性及潜在的治疗应用价值,已成为生物医学领域备受关注的研究热点。本文综述了食药同源植物外泌体的研究进展,对其提取、鉴定方法进行了归纳,分析了PENs中常见miRNA的生理活性,并对目前食药同源植物外泌体功效研究进行总结,期望为食药同源植物外泌体资源研究提供参考。

Abstract:

Exosomes are nanoscale (with a diameter of approximately 30-150 nm) lipid bilayer membrane vesicles secreted by cells, which are rich in various biologically active substances, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and small molecules. In recent years, plant exosome-like nanovesicles (PENs) from food and medicinal plants have become a research hotspot in the biomedical field due to their excellent biological activity, good biocompatibility, and potential therapeutic applications. This article reviews the research progress of exosomes from food and medicinal plants, summarizes their extraction and identification methods, analyzes the physiological activities of common mi RNA in PENs, and summarizes the current research on the efficacy of exosomes from food and medicinal plants, with the aim of providing a reference for the research on exosome resources from food and medicinal plants.