酶辅助提取人参-五味子复合蛋白酶解物的理化性质和抗氧化活性

Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Enzyme-extracted Panax ginseng–Schisandra chinensis Protein Hydrolysates

摘要:

以人参、五味子为研究对象，采用酶辅助提取法制备人参蛋白酶解产物（Panax ginseng Protein Hydrolysates, PGPH）、五味子蛋白酶解产物（Schisandrae chinensis Protein Hydrolysates, SCPH）、单混合蛋白酶解产物（Single Mixed Protein Hydrolysates, SMPH）和共提取复合蛋白酶解产物（Co-extraction of Protein Hydrolysates，COPH），对其理化性质和体外抗氧化活性进行研究，并评估H2O2诱导的HepG2细胞氧化损伤后的修复效果。研究显示，紫外吸收光谱中四种蛋白酶解产物在280 nm处均有蛋白特征峰，红外吸收光谱中检测出二级结构的差异，与其他蛋白酶解产物相比，COPH电泳在18、31 ku处出现新条带，并且COPH具有良好的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH）清除能力、2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐［2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), ABTS］和羟基自由基清除能力，分别为86.62%、48.05%和95.96%，同时还原能力为13.57%。此外，COPH可有效修复细胞氧化应激损伤，降低胞内活性氧水平。综上，该研究从大分子化合物的角度分析人参-五味子药对复合蛋白酶解产物理化性质及体外抗氧化活性，为抗氧化功能性食品或保健食品工业的开发与应用提供关于其抗氧化性能的参考依据。

Abstract:

Panax ginseng and Schisandra chinensis (Wuweizi) were used to prepare protein hydrolysates through enzyme-assisted extraction. The physicochemical properties and in vitro antioxidant activity of P. ginseng protein hydrolysates, S. chinensis protein hydrolysates, single mixed protein hydrolysates, and co-extracted protein hydrolysates (COPH) were evaluated, along with their respective effects on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage in HepG2 cells. All hydrolysates showed characteristic absorption peaks at 280 nm, and distinct differences in secondary structure were observed in the infrared spectra. COPH exhibited new bands at 18 and 31 kDa during electrophoresis and demonstrated strong radical scavenging activity with 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2, 2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and hydroxy radicals, as well as a ferric reducing ability of 13.57%. Additionally, COPH reduced reactive oxygen species in cells, alleviating oxidative stress. These findings suggest that P. ginseng-S. chinensis composite protein hydrolysates may have potential applications in antioxidant functional foods or dietary supplements.