该研究以龙胆全草为原料，纯水为提取溶剂，采用加热搅拌法提取龙胆苦苷，通过L9(34)正交试验确定最佳提取工艺条件。采用AB-8型大孔吸附树脂对龙胆提取物进行纯化，通过单因素试验确定最佳纯化工艺条件，并对龙胆苦苷的抗氧化、抑菌和抗炎活性进行研究。结果表明：最佳提取工艺条件是料液比为1:15，提取温度为85 ℃，搅拌提取1 h，提取3次。在此条件下，龙胆苦苷提取率为88.77%，提取前后的纯度分别为5.70%和13.34%。最佳纯化工艺条件是树脂：药材为2.5:1，上样液质量浓度为0.15 g/mL（生药材），上样量为2.67个柱床体积（Bed Volume, BV），上样流速为1 BV/h，纯水用量为3 BV，洗脱流速为2 BV/h，体积分数为30%的乙醇用量为4 BV，洗脱流速为3 BV/h。在此条件下，龙胆苦苷洗脱率为82.14%，纯度为50.63%。活性试验表明，龙胆苦苷对DPPH自由基的清除率为93.36%，对马拉色菌的抑菌圈直径为15.50 mm，对炎症因子NO、TNF-α、IL-1α的抑制率分别为97.67%、93.50%和97.03%，对小鼠耳肿胀有显著抑制作用，耳肿胀率为126.88%。该研究对龙胆苦苷的提取纯化工艺进行了优化，使活性物纯度提高8倍左右。另外，还初步探究了龙胆苦苷的抗氧化、抑菌和抗炎活性，推测通过优化提取纯化工艺，可以提高龙胆苦苷的纯度，从而使其活性增强。该研究表明，龙胆苦苷具有良好的抗氧化、抑菌和消肿抗炎作用，将为龙胆的合理开发利用提供重要依据。

Whole Gentiana scabra bunge plants were subjected to extraction using an aqueous solvent, combined with heating and stirring, to obtain gentiopicroside. Optimal extraction conditions were determined using a nine-run, four-factor, three-level orthogonal test. The G. scabra bunge extract was purified using an AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin. Optimal purification conditions were determined by single-factor experiments, and the antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities of gentiopicroside were examined. The optimal extraction process required a solid:solvent ratio of 1:15, extraction temperature of 85 ℃ , stirring extraction duration of 1 h, and three extraction cycles. The extraction yield of gentiopicroside was 88.77%. The purities before and after purification were 5.70% and 13.34%, respectively. The optimal purification process involved a wet resin:medicinal material ratio of 2.5:1, loading liquid concentration of 0.15 g/mL, loading volume of 2.67 BV, loading flow rate of 1 BV/h, volume of 3 BV, and elution flow rate of 2 BV/h for pure water, and a volume of 4 BV and elution flow rate of 3 BV/h for 30% (V/V) ethanol. The corresponding elution rate and purity of gentiopicroside were 82.14% and 50.63%, respectively. The purified gentiopicroside exhibited a scavenging rate of 93.36% for DPPH radical, inhibitory zone diameter of 15.50 mm for Malassezia, and inhibition rates of 97.67%, 93.50%, and 97.03% for NO, TNF-α, and IL-1α, respectively. Gentiopicroside significantly inhibited ear swelling in mice, resulting in a reduction of the ear swelling rate to 126.88%. Using the optimized techniques for gentiopicroside extraction and purification resulted in an increase in the purity of the active substance by approximately 8 fold. The antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities of gentiopicroside were preliminarily assessed. It was speculated that gentiopicroside activity could be enhanced by improving its purity through optimization of the extraction and purification processes. This study clarified that gentiopicroside exhibits excellent antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects, establishing a crucial foundation for the rational development and utilization of G. scabra bunge.