该研究旨在采用谱效关联法筛选黄芪茎叶中的抗氧化活性成分。以19批不同产地黄芪茎叶的乙酸乙酯萃取物为检测样品，利用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统建立样品的高效液相色谱（HPLC）指纹图谱，采用体外抗氧化法评价不同样品的抗氧化活性，通过皮尔逊相关性、偏最小二乘回归和灰色关联度分析对黄芪茎叶样品共有峰与其抗氧化活性指标进行关联性分析。结果表明，从19批黄芪茎叶样品指纹图谱中标定了13个共有峰（F1~F13），各批次样品与对照指纹图谱的相似度值为0.912~0.997。不同产地黄芪茎叶的乙酸乙酯部位具有显著不同的抗氧化能力（P<0.05），进一步的谱效关联性分析显示，F3、F5、F7、F8、F10、F12是反映黄芪茎叶抗氧化活性的主要特征峰。经与对照品比对，F5、F10、F12分别被鉴别为槲皮苷、毛蕊异黄酮和山奈酚。该研究为进一步开发黄芪茎叶抗氧化产品奠定了重要理论基础。

Spectrum-effect correlation was used to screen antioxidant active components from the stems and leaves of Astragalus membranaceus. A total of 19 batches of ethyl acetate extracts from the stems and leaves of A. membranaceus with different geographical origins were used as test samples. High-performance liquid chromatography fingerprints of the samples were established using the similarity evaluation system of chromatographic fingerprints of traditional Chinese medicine, and the in vitro antioxidant activities of different samples were investigated. The correlation between common peaks of the stems and leaves of A. membranaceus and their antioxidant activity indices was clarified using Pearson correlation analysis, partial least squares regression, and grey correlation analysis. The results showed that 13 common peaks (F1~F13) were calibrated from the fingerprints of the 19 batches of samples. The similarity values between samples from each batch and the control fingerprint were 0.912~0.997. Ethyl acetate fractions from the stems and leaves of A. membranaceus with different geographical origins had significantly different antioxidant capacities (P<0.05). Further spectrum-effect correlation analysis showed that F3, F5, F7, F8, F10, and F12 were the main characteristic peaks reflecting the antioxidant activity of the stems and leaves of A. membranaceus. Among them, F5, F10, and F12 were respectively identified as quercitrin, calycosin, and kaempferol through comparison with the reference. This study provides an important theoretical foundation for further development of antioxidant products from the stems and leaves of A. membranaceus.

山西省自然科学研究面上项目（202303021221160）；山西中医药大学科技创新能力培育计划“太行本草”专项项目（2022PYTH-04）；山西省研究生科研实践创新项目（2023KY687）；山西中医药大学研究生创新创业项目（2023CX044）