为了探讨白豆蔻水提物对便秘小鼠的通便作用及其机制，采用洛哌丁胺灌胃法建立便秘模型，设置空白组、模型组、剂量组（300、600、900 mg/kg），开展排便试验和小肠运动试验，并采用荧光定量PCR法分析白豆蔻水提物对肠道水分、胃肠动力、神经递质、结肠炎症和肠道屏障等调控基因的影响。结果显示，与模型组比较，白豆蔻水提物各剂量组均能缓解小鼠便秘，其中高剂量组[900 mg/(kg•d)]改善效果更好，能显著减少便秘小鼠的首粒黑便时间至211.54 min（P<0.01），提高胃肠转运率至63.95%（P<0.01），粪便含水率至58.23%，粒数增加至21.09粒；同时，白豆蔻水提物能够显著上调小鼠结肠胃肠动力因子c-Kit、SCF、MLCK、smMLCK以及5-HT神经递质受体5-Htr4的mRNA表达（P<0.05），并显著下调AchE、iNOS、VIP的mRNA表达（P<0.01）；还发现，白豆蔻水提物可抑制洛哌丁胺诱导的结肠炎症相关因子MCP-1、TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA表达的上调，以及逆转肠道屏障因子Muc-2、ZO-1、Occludin mRNA表达的下调。该研究可为白豆蔻通便的物质基础和作用机制研究提供科学依据。

To explore the laxative effects of aqueous extracts of Amomum kravanh (AKAE) and the associated mechanism on mice with constipation, constipation models were established by intragastric administration of loperamide. A control group, a model group, and three treatment groups (300, 600, and 900 mg/kg) were established. Defecation tests and small intestinal motility tests were carried out, and the effects of AKAE on the regulatory genes associated with intestinal water secretion, gastrointestinal motility, neurotransmitters, colonic inflammation, and intestinal barrier were analyzed using fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results showed that regardless of the dose, AKAE relieved constipation in mice. In particular, a more significant improvement was observed in the high-dose group [900 mg/(kg•d)] than in the other groups. AKAE at 900 mg/kg/d significantly shortened the time to the first defecation (black stool) in mice with constipation to 211.54 min (P<0.01). Additionally, the gastrointestinal transit rate increased to 63.95% (P<0.01), and the stool water content was increased to 58.23%. The number of fecal pellets increased to 21.09 grains. Furthermore, AKAE significantly upregulated the mRNA expression levels of mouse colonic motility factors, including c-Kit, SCF, MLCK, smMLCK, and 5-HT neurotransmitter receptor 5-Htr4 (P<0.05). AKAE significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of AchE, iNOS, and VIP (P<0.01). AKAE inhibited the loperamide-induced mRNA upregulation of the colonic inflammatory factors MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-6 and reversed the downregulation of the mRNA expression of the intestinal barrier factors Muc-2, ZO-1, and occludin. The findings of this study serve as a foundation for the application of AKAE and for future studies of the laxative mechanism of A. kravanh.

云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才项目（2022-0255）；云南省农业基础研究联合专项（202301BD070001-026）；云南省省市一体化专项（202302AN360002）