鹿皮胶氨基酸成分及其药食同源组方的免疫增强作用

Amino Acid Composition of Deer Skin Gelatin and the Immune-enhancing Effects of Its Drug-food Homologous Prescription

摘要:

该文研究了不同鹿皮胶氨基酸成分及其药食同源组方对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的改善作用。采用氨基酸自动分析仪检测不同鹿皮胶的氨基酸成分进行综合评价，观察不同组别小鼠体重、免疫器官指数、免疫因子水平、迟发型超敏变态反应、血清溶血素、碳廓清实验、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞实验和空肠病理变化。结果显示，鹿皮胶中含有17 种氨基酸，总量在68.47~69.82 g/100 g。甘氨酸含量最高（17~18 g/100 g），半胱氨酸含量最低（0.15~0.3 g/100 g），鹿皮胶样品3 评分最高。鹿皮胶药食同源方不同剂量（0.7、1.4、2.8 g/kg）均显著提高胸腺指数（2.36、2.47、2.51 mg/g）、脾脏指数（5.43、5.84、5.94 mg/g）、碳颗粒清除（5.22、5.30、5.66）、血清溶血素水平（47.87、50.6、53.4）、巨噬细胞吞噬指数（0.34、0.35、0.36）和吞噬率（43.20%、44.57%、44.87%）和免疫因子IgA（133.40、134.34、146.81 pg/mL）、IgG（121.83、129.83、133.58 pg/mL）、IgM（200.44、204.58、214.4 pg/mL）、IFN-γ（109.55、110、113.75）、TNF-α（173.80、176.79、179.14 pg/mL）、IL-4（164.26、172.04、208.85 pg/mL），耳肿胀度显著下降（5.91、5.46、5.55 mg），空肠粘膜屏障损伤被改善。综上，鹿皮胶具有丰富的氨基酸，其药食同源组方具有免疫增强作用，为鹿皮胶开发保健食品提供新思路。

Abstract:

Different deer skin gelatin samples of amino acid compositions were investigated and its drug-food homologous prescription was used to study immunomodulatory effects on immune-suppressed mice. Amino acid composition was comprehensively analyzed using an amino acid analyzer. Various parameters, including body weight, immune organ indices, immune factor levels, delayed-type hypersensitivity, serum hemolysin, carbon clearance assay, peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis of chicken red blood cells, and jejunal histopathological changes, were observed in different mouse groups. The results revealed that deer skin gelatin contains 17 amino acids, with a total content ranging from 68.47 to 69.82 g/100 g. Glycine had the highest content (17~18 g/100 g), while cysteine had the lowest (0.15~0.3 g/100 g), with sample 3 scoring the highest. Different doses of deer skin gelatin (0.7, 1.4, and 2.8 g/kg) in traditional medicine formulations significantly increased the thymus index (2.36, 2.47, and 2.51 mg/g), spleen index (5.43, 5.84, and 5.94 mg/g), carbon particle clearance (5.22, 5.30, and 5.66), serum hemolysin levels (47.87, 50.6, and 53.4), macrophage phagocytosis index (0.34, 0.35, and 0.36), phagocytosis rate (43.20%, 44.57%, and 44.87%), and immunological factors IgA (133.40,134.34, and 146.81 pg/mL), IgG (121.83,129.83, and 133.58 pg/mL), IgM (200.44, 204.58, and 214.4 pg/mL), IFN-γ (109.55, 110, and 113.75 pg/mL), TNF-α (173.80,176.79, 179.14 pg/mL), and IL-4 (164.26, 172.04, and 208.85 pg/mL). Meanwhile, ear swelling degree significantly decreased (5.91, 5.46, and 5.55 mg), and ileal mucosal barrier damage was improved. In conclusion, deer skin gelatin possesses rich amino acid content, and its traditional medicine formulations exhibit immunomodulatory effects, which provides new ideas for the development of healthy food.