该研究利用自主研发低温连续相变萃取技术制备艾叶油，以得油率为指标，在单因素试验基础上利用响应面实验优化萃取技术参数，得到最佳提取工艺参数为：萃取时间73 min，萃取压力0.45 MPa，萃取温度50 ℃，在此条件下艾叶油的提取率为4.65%，比传统超临界CO2萃取法、水蒸汽蒸馏法分别高3.98%、3.87%。此外，通过气相-质谱联用仪和近红外光谱分析了三种方法提取艾叶挥发油的主要化学成分及品质差异。结果表明，不同提取方法得到的艾叶挥发油化学成份差异明显，低温连续相变萃取艾叶油样品中初步鉴定出32个化合物，以挥发性萜类化合物和长链酯类化合物为主；而超临界CO2萃取法以长链酯类、烷烃类化合物为主，水蒸汽蒸馏法以低沸点的挥发性萜类化合物为主，且三者都含有樟脑、石竹烯、棕榈酸、叶绿醇、亚麻酸等主要成分。综合感官评价表明，低温连续相变萃取艾叶油得率高、品质好、香味浓厚，且特征活性成分含量较高，适宜工业化大规模生产。

A method was developed for extracting volatile oil from Artemisia argyi using low-temperature continuous phase transition extraction. Based on single-factor experiments, optimal extraction conditions were determined using response surface methodology to achieve the maximum yield as follows: extraction time of 73 min, extraction pressure of 0.45 MPa, and extraction temperature of 50 ℃. Under these conditions, the oil yield reached 4.65%, 3.98% and 3.87% higher than that observed using traditional supercritical CO2 extraction and steam distillation, respectively. The oil extracted using the proposed method was compared with that from the two traditional extraction methods using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy to detect major chemical composition and quality differences. The results revealed significant differences in the chemical compositions of A. argyi volatile oils obtained using different extraction methods. Thirty-two compounds were identified in the product of low-temperature continuous phase transition extraction, and the oil was mainly composed of volatile terpenoids and long-chain esters. Long-chain esters and alkanes were the major constituents of the oil obtained using supercritical CO2 extraction. Finally, the major components in the oil extracted via steam distillation were volatile terpenoids with low boiling points. All three oil products contained camphor, caryophyllene, palmitic acid, phytol, and linolenic acid. Sensory evaluation results revealed that the oil extracted via continuous phase transition had a high yield, good quality, strong fragrance, and high contents of active compounds, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production.

广州市科技计划项目（202103000078）；广东省植物资源生物炼制重点实验室开放基金（2021GDKLPRB02）