Abstract:The regulatory effects of enzymatically converted chicken bile (CB) on bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota dysbiosis in alcoholic rats were investigated. Thirty-five 8-week-old male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups after 1 week of adaptive feeding: healthy group (HC), model group (MC), low, medium, and high CB dose group (CBL 50 mg/kg, CBM 100 mg/kg, CBH 150 mg/kg). After 1 week of alcohol modeling and CB intervention, the rats were euthanized and serum and cecum contents were collected. The bile acid composition in the serum and the gut microbiota in the cecum contents were analyzed. The results showed that the high-dose CB intervention led to a significant decrease in the concentration of primary bile acids in rat serum, whereas the ratio of unconjugated to conjugated bile acids was reduced by 59.90%, with a significant increase in the level of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), thereby altering the composition of bile acids. CB successfully restored the alcohol-induced reduction in the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota, resulting in a 53.66% decrease in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Furthermore, the abundance of probiotic bacteria such as Parabacteroides and Bacteroides was improved, whereas that of harmful bacteria, such as Romboutsia and Erysipelothrix, was decreased. Meanwhile, the abundance of bile acid-metabolizing bacteria, such as Verrucomicrobiota and Bacteroides, was improved. A strong correlation was found between serum bile acids and gut microbiota. It can be concluded that CB has beneficial effects on the regulation of gut microbiota composition and serum bile acid metabolism.
