该文旨在探究鸡胆汁酶转化物（Enzymatically Converted chicken Bile，CB）对酒精致大鼠胆汁酸代谢及肠道菌群失调的调节作用。35只8周龄的雄性Sprague Dawley（SD）大鼠适应性喂养一周后，随机分为5组：正常组（HC）、模型组（MC）、CB低、中、高剂量组（CBL 50 mg/kg，CBM 100 mg/kg，CBH 150 mg/kg）。经过一周的酒精造模及CB干预后处死大鼠收集血清及盲肠内容物，分析血清中胆汁酸的组成及盲肠内容物中肠道菌群的组成。结果表明，高剂量CB的干预显著降低了大鼠血清中初级胆汁酸的水平，同时未结合型胆汁酸和结合型胆汁酸的比例显著降低59.90%，其中牛磺熊去氧胆酸的水平显著升高，改变了胆汁酸的组成。CB可以恢复酒精引起的肠道菌群丰富度和多样性的降低，厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门的比例降低53.66%，提高Parabacteroides、Bacteroides等益生菌的丰度，降低Romboutsia、Erysipelothrix等有害菌的丰度，同时提高如Verrucomicrobiota和Bacteroides等具有代谢胆汁酸能力菌群的丰度。血清胆汁酸与肠道菌群之间存在较强的相关性。综上所述，CB具有调节肠道菌群组成及血清胆汁酸代谢的效益。

The regulatory effects of enzymatically converted chicken bile (CB) on bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota dysbiosis in alcoholic rats were investigated. Thirty-five 8-week-old male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups after 1 week of adaptive feeding: healthy group (HC), model group (MC), low, medium, and high CB dose group (CBL 50 mg/kg, CBM 100 mg/kg, CBH 150 mg/kg). After 1 week of alcohol modeling and CB intervention, the rats were euthanized and serum and cecum contents were collected. The bile acid composition in the serum and the gut microbiota in the cecum contents were analyzed. The results showed that the high-dose CB intervention led to a significant decrease in the concentration of primary bile acids in rat serum, whereas the ratio of unconjugated to conjugated bile acids was reduced by 59.90%, with a significant increase in the level of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), thereby altering the composition of bile acids. CB successfully restored the alcohol-induced reduction in the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota, resulting in a 53.66% decrease in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Furthermore, the abundance of probiotic bacteria such as Parabacteroides and Bacteroides was improved, whereas that of harmful bacteria, such as Romboutsia and Erysipelothrix, was decreased. Meanwhile, the abundance of bile acid-metabolizing bacteria, such as Verrucomicrobiota and Bacteroides, was improved. A strong correlation was found between serum bile acids and gut microbiota. It can be concluded that CB has beneficial effects on the regulation of gut microbiota composition and serum bile acid metabolism.

财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-21）