膳食混合谷物改善高糖饮食诱导的C57BL/6J小鼠肝脏脂肪代谢紊乱的效果及机制初探

Effects and Mechanisms of Mixed Grains in Ameliorating High-sucrose Diet-induced Hepatic Lipid Metabolism Disorders in C57BL/6J Mice

摘要:

探究混合谷物对高糖饮食（HSD）诱导的C57BL/6J小鼠肝脏脂肪代谢紊乱的改善作用。HE染色观察肝脏病理变化，试剂盒检测血清脂质水平、肝功能与炎症水平，qRT-PCR检测肝内脂质代谢与炎症调控相关因子mRNA表达水平。对比Model组小鼠发现，糖尿病改善效能混合谷物（MCG-Dm）干预显著降低HSD小鼠体质量与肝脏指数，减少肝脏脂肪堆积；并显著改善糖脂水平和肝功能水平（至TG 1.11 mmol/L，TC 4.25 mmol/L，LDL-C 0.36 mmol/L，HDL-C 0.97 mmol/L，FBG 7.72 mmol/L，AST 1 452.5 μg/mL，ALT 654.5 μg/mL）；同时降低肝内Srebp1（67.88%）、Acc（34.38%）、Fas（50.99%）、Scd1（59.88%）、Pparγ（72.57%）、Cd36（75.46%）和Apob（41.18%）的mRNA表达减少脂肪酸合成，升高Pparα（2.32倍）、Cpt1（2.20倍）、Aco（3.95倍）的mRNA表达促进脂肪酸分解，缓解HSD小鼠肝脏脂质堆积。此外，MCG-Dm通过抑制Nfκb（46.74%）和Ikk2（46.48%）、升高Ikb（2.21倍）的mRNA 表达，减少了TNF-α和IL-6的释放，改善肝脏损伤。综上，该研究结果提示MCG-Dm有助于改善长期高糖饮食造成的肝脏炎症与脂质代谢异常，可为科学制定混合谷物膳食模式提供理论支持。

Abstract:

The restorative effect of mixed grains on hepatic lipid metabolism disorders induced by a high-sucrose diet (HSD) in C57BL/6J mice was investigated. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe pathological alterations in the liver. Assay kits were used to measure serum lipid levels, liver function, and inflammatory cytokines. The mRNA expression levels of factors related to hepatic lipid metabolism and inflammation regulation were determined using qRT-PCR. Comparison of treated and model groups revealed that diabetes-modifying mixed cereal grains (MCG-Dm) significantly reduced the body weight and liver index of HSD mice and decreased hepatic fat accumulation. MCG-Dm intervention significantly improved glycolipid levels and liver functions (triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, aspartate aminotransferase 1, and alanine aminotransferase levels to 1.11 mmol/L, 4.25 mmol/L, 0.36 mmol/L, 0.97 mmol/L, 7.72 mmol/L, 452.5 μg/mL, and 654.5 μg/mL, respectively). Additionally, intervention with MCG-Dm led to a reduction in the hepatic mRNA expression levels of Srebp1 (67.88%), Acc (34.38%), Fas (50.99%), Scd1 (59.88%), Pparγ (72.57%), Cd36 (75.46%), and Apob (41.18%) and increases in the expression levels of Pparα (2.32-fold), Cpt1 (2.20-fold), and Aco (3.95-fold), thereby promoting lipolysis and reducing lipid accumulation in the liver of HSD mice. Furthermore, MCG-Dm mitigated liver damage and decreased the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the serum by suppressing the mRNA expression levels of Nfκb (46.74%) and Ikk2 (46.48%) and increasing that of Ikb (2.21-fold). These findings indicate that MCG-Dm ameliorates hepatic inflammation and lipid metabolic disorder induced by a long-term high-sucrose diet, potentially contributing to the development of mixed-grain diet formulations.