该研究探讨一包含牛乳酪蛋白肽粉、酸枣仁、百合、γ-氨基丁酸的复合物改善睡眠的功效。利用秀丽隐杆线虫模型研究复合物及复合物中各个功效成分改善睡眠的效果，然后使用体内小鼠模型评价复合物改善睡眠作用，并测定小鼠下丘脑中神经递质含量。与空白组相比，复合物组显著延长线虫睡眠时间，各指标均优于复合物中单个组分的作用结果。复合物低、中、高剂量组小鼠睡眠潜伏期分别提高18.18%、20.60%、25.60%，睡眠时长分别提高34.54%、45.24%、47.29%，入睡率分别提高25.00%、33.33%、33.33%。在旷场实验中复合物组运动总路程分别降低15.06%、13.96%、9.58%，进入中央区域次数分别提高138.10%、114.29%、114.29%，中央区域停留时间分别提高142.98%、176.89%、114.25%、静止总时间分别增加28.13%、44.42%、55.40%。与空白组相比，低中高复合物剂量组小鼠下丘脑GABA含量显著提高34.74%、66.45%、76.99%，5-HT含量显著提高32.67%、50.34%、79.72%，Glu含量显著降低33.41%、34.83%、39.55%。综上所述，牛乳酪蛋白肽粉、酸枣仁、百合、γ-氨基丁酸的复合物能够改善睡眠，通过调节下丘脑神经递质水平来改善睡眠，研究结果为新食品资源开发提供理论参考。

In this study, the sleep-improving effect of a composite containing bovine casein peptide powder, wild jujube kernel, lily and γ-aminobutyric acid was investigated. The sleep-improving effects of the composite and each functional ingredient in the composite were studied using the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model, and then an in vivo mouse model was used to evaluate the sleep-improving effect of the composite and the neurotransmitter contents in the hypothalamus of the mice were determined. Compared with the blank group, the sleeping time of C. elegans in the composite group prolonged significantly, and all the indexes were superior to those subjected to the treatment with the single components in the composite. The mice in the low-, medium,- and high-dose groups of the composite experienced an increase in sleep latency (by 18.18%, 20.60%, and 25.60%, respectively), increase in the sleep duration (by 34.54%, 45.24% and 47.29%, respectively), and increase in the sleep rate (by 25.00%, 33.33% and 33.33%, respectively). In the open field experiment, the total distance of exercise in the composite group decreased by 15.06%, 13.96% and 9.58%, respectively, and the number of entering the central area increased by 138.10%, 114.29% and 114.29%, respectively, the stay duration in the central area increased by 142.98%, 176.89%, 114.25%, respectively, and the total rest time increased by 28.13%, 44.42% and 55.40%, respectively. Compared with the blank group, the contents of GABA and 5-HT in the hypothalamus of mice in the low-, medium- and high-dose composite groups significantly increased by 34.74%, 66.45% and 76.99%, and 32.67%, 50.34% and 79.72%, respectively, whilst the Glu content decreased significantly (by 33.41%, 34.83%, and 39.55%, respectively). In summary, the composite of bovine casein peptide powder, wild jujube kernel, lily and γ-aminobutyric acid can improve sleep by regulating the level of neurotransmitters in the hypothalamus. The results provide theoretical reference for the development of new food resources.

国家自然科学基金项目（31972078）；中食安泓营养与健康研究院项目