脱脂蛋黄粉是蛋黄卵磷脂工业化提取时的产物之一，其蛋白质及营养价值高，具有较大的商业利用前景。该文采用胰酶酶解脱脂蛋黄粉，以钙离子螯合率为主要评价指标，通过单因素（时间、温度、pH值和酶添加量）试验和响应面优化实验确定最优酶解工艺。同时评估该酶解产物的促MC3T3-E1成骨细胞增殖活性，以期对脱脂蛋黄粉进行高值化利用。结果显示，胰酶酶解脱脂蛋黄粉的最优工艺为：酶解时间3 h，酶解温度55 ℃，酶解pH值10.0和酶添加量1%时，钙离子螯合率87.12%。在此酶解条件下制备的酶解产物能显著促进MC3T3-E1成骨细胞增殖，在酶解产物质量浓度为1.00 mg/mL时，蛋黄蛋白酶解液的促细胞增殖效果更加明显，达到空白组细胞数量的1.20倍。上述结果表明，胰酶可以有效酶解脱脂蛋黄粉，其酶解产物具有高促成骨细胞增殖活性，为脱脂蛋黄粉高值化利用奠定基础。

Defatted egg yolk powder is as a byproduct of the industrial extraction of egg yolk lecithin. This protein and nutrient-rich product appears to be commercially valuable. To optimize enzymatic hydrolysis, defatted egg yolk powder samples were hydrolyzed using trypsin, with calcium chelating capacity serving as the primary evaluation index. The optimum hydrolysis conditions were identified by coupling unidirectional analysis (involving variables like hydrolysis duration, temperature, pH, and enzyme dosage) to response surface optimization. The pro-proliferative activity of the resulting hydrolysate in the context of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts was assessed to enable the high-value application of defatted egg yolk powder. The results indicated that under optimum conditions, i.e., hydrolysis duration, 3 h; temperature, 55 ℃; pH, 10.0; enzyme dosage, 1%, the calcium chelating capacity reached 87.12%. The hydrolysate produced under these conditions markedly enhanced the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. This enhancement was most pronounced at a hydrolysate concentration of 1.00 mg/mL, where the proliferation of the treatment group osteoblasts was more than that of the blank group osteoblasts (by 1.20 times). The findings of this study reveal that the trypsin-facilitated enzymatic hydrolysis of defatted egg yolk powder effectively produces hydrolysates with considerable pro-osteoblast proliferative activity, thereby supporting the high-value application of defatted egg yolk powder.

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（31201416）