为了简便、快速、准确的对市场中的单花蜜和杂花蜜样品进行鉴别，该文采用顶空-气相色谱离子迁移色谱联用技术（Headspace Gas Chromatography-ion Mobility Spectroscopy, HS-GC-IMS）对4种单花蜜和4种杂花蜜样品中挥发性有机物（Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs）差异进行分析。指纹图谱实验发现两种花蜜检测出76种挥发性有机物，主要包含17种醛类，16种酯类、9种酮类、17种醇类、5种酸类、6种烯类、2种呋喃类、4种杂环及杂原子化合物。杂花蜜S1、S2、S4相比单花蜜S5、S6、S7，其大部分挥发性物质含量明显较高，呈现明显差异，例如杂花蜜中酯类含量在17.51%~32.90%，而单花蜜中酯类约占7.20%~22.81%。主成分分析（Principal Component Analysis, PCA）模型中2个主成分（PCA_1和PCA_2）累计贡献值达到62%，说明通过挥发性物质差异可以明显区分单花蜜和杂花蜜样品。同时发现杂花蜜S3中含有的12种特征挥发性物质，不同于其他的单花蜜和杂花蜜样品。研究表明HS-GC-IMS是一种非常快捷，简便的VOCs检测技术，无需对样品进行复杂处理，对单花蜜和杂花蜜的鉴别具有一定的潜力，为市场各种蜂蜜样本的快速鉴别提供了一定参考。

This study sought to facilitate the easy, quick, and accurate identification of single nectar and multifloral honey in the market. To this end, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in four kinds of single nectar and four kinds of multifloral honey were analyzed using HS-GC-IMS. The fingerprint spectra found 76 types of volatile organic compounds, including 17 aldehydes, 16 esters, 9 ketones, 17 types of alcohol, five acids, six alkenes, two furans, and four heterocyclic and heteroatom compounds. The experimental results showed marked differences in the VOCs between multifloral honey (S1, S2, and S4) and single-nectar honey (S5, S6, S7). For example, the content of ester compounds in multifloral honey was 17.51%~32.90%, while that in single-nectar honey was 7.20%~22.81%. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to distinguish single nectar and multifloral honey based on the additive value (62%) of two principal components (PCA_1 and PCA_2). As a result, multifloral honey S3 was found to possess 12 types of characteristic volatile organic compounds, showing a significant difference from those of the other multifloral honey and single nectar components. These findings highlight the potential of HS-GC-IMS for use in the identification of single nectar and multifloral honey, as well as in the detection of VOCs both rapidly and with the need for any pretreatment. Thus, this paper serves as an important reference for honey identification in market supervision and quality evaluation.

陕西省市场监督管理局科技项目计划（2021KY023）