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[摘要]
一氧化氮(Nitric Oxide,NO)作为一种内源性双原子信号分子,因其突出的抗菌、抗生物膜和抗病虫害特性,在食品领域展现出优异的保鲜功能。虽然NO具有很强的生理生化作用,但是由于其自身稳定性差、使用率低、过量或不当应用会产生毒性和副作用等原因,使得NO的进一步推广使用受到了较大限制。目前,大量研究者正致力于开发稳定性更好、效率更高和安全性更强的NO供体缓释载体和系统。该文综述了NO的产生和信号途径,并分析和总结了不同类型NO供体缓释体系的设计与开发及其在肉类、水产品、水果和蔬菜等食品保鲜领域中的实际效果和应用潜力。NO供体缓释体系的开发,可为增强NO的生物利用度以及为提高食品的品质和延长其货架期提供新的思路与解决方案,并在食品领域展现出巨大的应用前景。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Nitric oxide (NO), as an endogenous diatomic signaling molecule, exhibits excellent preservation function in food field due to its outstanding antibacterial, antibiofilm and anti-pest properties. Although NO possesses significant physiological and biochemical functions, its further promotion and application are constrained by factors such as inherent poor stability, low utilization rate, toxicity from excessive or improper use, and associated side effects. Currently, a significant number of researchers are dedicated to the development of NO donor sustained-release vectors and systems that exhibit improved stability, higher efficiency, and enhanced safety. In this paper, the production and signaling pathways of NO are reviewed, and the design and development of various types of NO donor sustained-release systems are analyzed, as well as their practical effectiveness and application potential in food preservation across categories such as meat, seafood, fruits and vegetables are summarized. The development of NO donor sustained-release system can provide new ideas and solutions to enhance the bioavailability of NO, improve the food quality and extend its shelf life. This approach demonstrates significant potential for application in the food industry.
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