基于体外胃肠模拟法的生物可给性评估水果中8种农药残留膳食暴露风险

Bioaccessibility assessment based on in vitro gastrointestinal simulation method dietary exposure risk of 8 pesticide residues in fruits

摘要:

分析水果中农药残留膳食摄入风险，探究生物可给性对农药残留膳食摄入风险的影响。采用液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱对市售4种水果中8种农药进行检测分析，通过体外胃肠法模拟测定水果中农药生物可给性。运用慢性膳食摄入评估法、急性膳食摄入评估法并结合农药生物可给性进行水果农药残留膳食暴露风险评估。水果中农药检出浓度为0.01 mg/kg~0.84 mg/kg，农药生物可给性为21.50%（沃柑，哒螨灵）~94.37%（梨，烯酰吗啉），农药在胃肠模拟液中的生物可给浓度为0.016 mg/kg~3.48 mg/kg。4~6岁儿童和一般人群中，慢性膳食暴露风险%ADI为0.05%~3.36%和0.01%~0.92%，急性膳食暴露风险%ARfD为0.23%~16.60%和0.08%~5.88%，均在可接受范围以内。忽略生物可给性后，膳食暴露风险评估结果会高估5.63%~78.50%。农药生物可给性因水果种类及农药不同存在差异，膳食风险是农药暴露量、毒性、水果摄入量综合评估结果。结合生物可给性，水果中农药在胃肠液中生物可给浓度及膳食暴露风险结果降低。因此，风险评估中使用生物可给性，可为精准的评价摄食污染物对人体的健康风险提供理论基础。

Abstract:

To investigate the risk of eating pesticide residues in fruits and assess the impact of bioaccessibility on the risk of eating pesticide residues in fruits. Liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) was used to test 8 pesticide residues for 4 kinds of fruits on the market, and the in vitro gastrointestinal simulation was used to determine the bioaccessibility of pesticides in fruits. Chronic and acute dietary intake assessment methods, as well as pesticide bioaccessibility, were used to assess the dietary exposure risk of consuming pesticide residues in fruits. Pesticides can be detected in fruits at concentrations of 0.01 mg/kg to 0.84 mg/kg. The absorption rates of pesticides in gastrointestinal fluids were 21.50% (Wogan, pyridaben) and 94.37% (pear, dimethomorph) respectively, and bioaccessible concentration in gastrointestinal simulation that was calculated for each pesticide, indicating that the exposure was in the range of 0.016 mg/kg to 3.48 mg/kg. Chronic dietary exposure of pesticides in fruits is linked to risks of %ADI of 0.05%~3.36% and 0.01%~0.92%, and there were 0.23% to 16.60% and 0.08% to 5.88% of acute dietary exposure %ARfD in each group. Which is within an acceptable range among children aged 4~6 years and the general population. The risk assessment result of dietary intake may be overestimated by 5.63%~78.50% ignore the bioaccessibility. The bioaccessibility of pesticides in fruits is influenced by the specific fruit and pesticide, dietary risk is the comprehensive assessment of pesticide exposure, toxicity, fruit consumption. Considering bioaccessibility, the exposure risk of consuming pesticides and bioaccessible concentration of pesticides in fruits can be decreased. So the theoretical basis for evaluating the health risks of ingesting pollutants to the human body can be achieved by utilizing bioaccessibility in risk assessment.